HoUinger 

pHa5 

Mill Run F3-1719 



ESTABLISHED 1808. 



^' V, ENGS & SONS, 

.S972 ' 

c°pv 1 ^Q Merehanta, 

131 FRONT STREET, 

NKW YORK. 




Sole Agents in the United States for -w*^ 7- ^^ 

SIR ROBERT BURNETT & CO., VAUXHALL, LONDON, 
DISTILLERS OF OLD TOM GIN, ETC. 

Also import and keep in stock, in all the varieties of casks and cases, 
and offer at close prices, 

Brandies of Standard Brands, 
Holland Gins, 

London Dock Jamaica Rums, 
St. Croix Rums, 

Scotch and Irish Whiskies, 

Arrack, Bay Rum, etc., etc. 

Wines or evkry Country, 
Standard Bourbons and High Grade Eastern Ryes, 

In Bond and duty paid. 

Fincb's Golden Wedding Rye and A. Keller Bourbon in cases. 



(0 

z 

(I 
h 

K 

X 
X 




z 

> 

h 




FOR ALL KINDS OF VENTILATING MACHINERY, 

CALL ON 

SEYMOUR & WHITLOCK, 

(Send for Catalogue.) 43 Lowrence St., Newark, N. J. 




Fr. Beck 8z Co., 

MANUFACTURERS, IMPORTERS, 
AND EXPORTERS OP 

HIGH CLASS 
WALL PAPERS . 

Have now on exliibition their manufactures and importations. 



ONLY MANUFACTURERS IN THE U. S. OP 

THE GREAT 

SANITARY WALL COVERING, 

THE MOST BEAUTIFUL OF ALL WALL DECORATIONS. 

We are the only manufacturers in the United States who have in 
stock ready for delivery a large assortment of Cretonne and Damask 
Goods, with paper hangings to match. These patterns are controlled 
by us exclusively. 

We are now exhibiting: Designs of our own manufacture and 
the BEST examples of EUROPEAN MAKERS. 



COR. 5TH AVENUE AND 30TH STREET. 
Factory, cor. 7th Avenue and 29th Street. 



Shrewsbury Tomatoketchup 

WILL NOT MOULD OR LOSE ITS FLAVOR. 




GUARANTEED TO KEEP IN 
ANY CLIMATE. 



SHREWSBURY TOMATOKETCHUP is 

an article of standard excellence, with a flavor 
certain to please the palate of the most fastidious 
bon-vivant, and which connoisseurs everywhere 
pronounce incomparably fine. Color, taste, 
aroma are faultless. 

It is admirable with hot and cold meats, oyster 
stews, fish, and gives a superior flavor to gravies, 
deviled kidneys, or any delicate preparation of 
meat. With chops, veal cutlets, and baked 
beans it is simply delicious, and it is a great 
addition to macaroni or hot buttered toast. 

MANUFACTURED AND FOR SALE BY 

E. C. HAZARD & CO., NEW YORK. 



We have used the Shrewsbury Tomatoketchup on our tables 
since its first introduction, to the extent of about two hundred dozen 
bottles per year, and regard it as the finest condiment of its kind ever 
brought to our notice. 

W. D. GARRISON, Manager Grand Union Hotel. 



REVISED TO OCT. 1, 1889. WITH MAP 



HOW TO KNOW 

Mew York City 



A SERVICEABLE AND TRUSTWORTHY GUIDE, HAVING ITS STARTING 

POINT AT THE GRAND UNION HOTEL, JUST ACROSS THE 

STREET FROM THE GRAND CENTRAL DEPOT 



BY 

M. F. SWEETSER AND SIMEON FORD 
SEVENTH EDITION 



NEW YORK 

PRESS OF J. J. LITTLE & CO 

lo to 20 AsTOR Place 

1889 



New fofk Central and Hudson River Railroad. 

Route of the Famous Wagner Vestibuled "New York and Chicago Limited." 




Ail Trains 
Leave from 
and Arrive at 

tll6 

GRAND 
CENTRAL 
STATION, 

m street, 
NewYorl(. 
Largest and 
Finest Station 
in America. 



THE GREAT 

4 TRACK 

ROUTL 



Fast EzpresB Trains throngh from New Tork to Montreal, Syracnse, Rochester, Buffalo, Niag- 
ara Falls, Detroit, Cleveland, Cincinnati, Indianapolis, St. Louis, and Chicago 

WITHOUT CHANGE. 

TICKET OrriCES OF NEW YORK CENTRAL & HXJDSON RIVER R. R. 
New Tork: Nob. 413, 785, 942 Broadway; No. 12 Park Place; 1 Battery Place; Grand Central 

Station, and MottEaven Station (138th St.) 
E. J. RICHARDS, GEORGE H. DANIELS, 

Ass't GeuU Passenger Agt. Gen'l Passenger Agt, 



On receiptof Six Cents m stamps a copy of 
this book will be mailed to any address. 

Address: 

GRAND UNION HOTEL. 

41/1 Ave. & 42d Street, 
Advertising Department. ' New York. 



Over 150,000 People 

STOPPED AT 

The GRAND UNION HOTEL 

DURING THE PAST YEAR. 

Is mainly due to the followhig facts : 

The policy of its management is to please and satisfy 
guests. 

Its rooms are well furnished and scrupulously clean, 
and range in price from %\ (for an excellent room) up to 
13 and |4 per day. 

The food is of the best quality obtainable, well cooked, 
the prices are moderate, and the portions liberal. 

It is centrally located. Elevated railroads and street 
cars to all parts of the city pass its doors. 

It is immediately opposite the Grand Central Depot, to 
and from which guests' baggage is delivered free. 

Its volume of business is such that more value can be 
given for the money than at any other first-class hotel in 
the city. 



:mmMimf^^^im»^:iBmmf 



iiiij iiiis Iwii, 



Opposite the Grand Central Depot, 
NEW YORK, 

Offers I»articiilar liiaiicemeiits to Xraveler** 
visiting: tlie City for Business or Pleasure. 



It contains 600 rooms, ranging in price from |1.00 per 
day upwards. 

Rooms with Private Parlors, Bath, etc., at moderate 
prices. 

It is conducted on the European Plan, and guests can 
regulate their expenditures to suit their inclinations or 
means. 

Its Restaurants and Dining Rooms are supplied with 
the best the markets afford, at moderate prices. 

It is immediately opposite the Grand Central Depot, 
arriving at which the traveler, instead of having to sub- 
mit to the annoyance and expense of carriage-hire and 
baggage-express, can step across the street, hand his 
checks to the clerk, and in ten minutes his baggage will 
be delivered in his room, free of charge. 

Baggage of outgoing guests will be delivered free to 
the following depots : New York Central and Hudson 
River R.R., Harlem R.R., New Haven R.R., and New 
England R.R. 



HOW TO KNOW NEW YORK. 




The above picture represents a hotel-clerk, in the act of answering 
a question. From his bland expression, you would not suppose that 
he had been pretty steadily answering questions from his youth up, 
and has probably answered this very question upwards of a million 
times; but such is the case. A good hotel-clerk must be a walking 
encyclopaedia, directory, railway, steamship, and postal guide, and, in 
short, a universal fountain of knowledge and information. No man 
is more maligned than the hotel-clerk. In current fiction he is de- 
scribed as a haughty and unapproachable despot, who, intrenched 

7 



E How to Know New York. 

behind a large diamond shirt-stud, superciliously assigns trembling 
travellers to remote and cheerless chambers. As a matter of fact, 
he is usually the most good-natured and accommodating of mortals. 
Were he not of a serene and placid nature, he would long since have 
decorated a cemetery. He is expected to be pleasant under the most 
trying circumstances; to remember everybody by name, and all their 
peculiarities and eccentricities ; to give every one the best room in the 
house ; to laugh at every humorous anecdote related to him, no matter 
how antique ; and to lend a sympathetic ear to every traveller who is 
in distress, or imagines that he is. For the aid of the stranger first 
visiting New York, this modest work is prepared. It is not issued 
for the benefit of the hotel-clerk (who still stands ready to answer any 
and all questions), but to put before the visitor, clearly and briefly, 
information which is likely to be of service to him. 

It is hoped, too, that it may be the means of further calling to the 
attention of the travelling public, the advantages offered by the Grand 
Union Hotel, which, in brief, are as follows : It is just across the 
street from the Grand Central Depot, to and from which baggage of 
guests is taken free. Its location is convenient, street-cars and ele- 
vated roads passing its doors, to all points. It is conducted on the 
European plan, and comfortable and well-furnished rooms may be 
obtained at prices ranging from %\ to $5 per day. The cuisine is 
first-class, and the prices are very moderate. It has a very large 
patronage, and guests can live well at the Grand Union for less money 
than at any other first-class hotel in New- York City. 

Take Your Time. — New-Yorkers conduct business as though life 
were fleeting. Go down town and watch the men in the streets ! Every 
one seems in a desperate hurry ; and the visitor, without realizing it, 
is apt to become imbued with the all-pervading hurry and scurry, and 
finds himself rushing and elbowing his way through the crowd. This 
haste is a characteristic of New-Yorkers, and the traveller who wishes 
to see the city well must avoid their example. He rfust go slow, and 
enjoy what he sees. Nothing is more fatiguing than sight-seeing. 

Put up comfortably at the Grand Union Hotels and don't try to see 
every thing in a day. 



OTIS ELEVATORS, 

The standard for thirty-five Years. 

OTIS BRO'S & CO., 38 Park Row, New York. 

NEW-YORK CITY. 



New York is the chief city of America in wealth and population, 
and is second only to London as a financial and commercial centre of 
the world. Its population is about 1,500,000, one-third of whom are 
of foreign birth — mainly Irish and German. It covers over 27,000 
acres of ground, and is about sixteen miles long, and from one-half to 
four and one-half miles wide. It is the main seaport of the United 
States. Upwards of 30,000 vessels annually arrive and depart from 
it. It is the great gateway for immigrants coming to this country. 
In one year 476,086 were landed at Castle Garden. It is the foremost 
manufacturing city of the United States, Philadelphia being the only 
city which approaches it in this field. According to the census of 
1880, the value of articles manufactured in the city during the year 
was $472,926,437. There are 11,000 factories, one-fourth of which 
are devoted to clothing, cigars, furniture, and printing, 950 clothing 
establishments produce $78,000,000 worth of goods yearly ; 540 print- 
ing and publishing houses turn out $24,000,000 worth a year; 761 
factories produce $18,000,000 worth of cigars; and 300 shops make 
$10,000,000 worth of furniture. It is the Mecca toward which Amer- 
icans journey, and the city where millionnaires, no matter where they 
may have acquired their wealth, come to live, and to spend their 
money. No other American city furnishes such manifold and un- 
bounded opportunities for disposing of superfluous wealth. Fifth 
and Madison Avenues are lined with palaces, peopled by men grown 
rich in other places. No city of the world has such magnificent 
dwellings, such prodigious commercial and public buildings, such 

9 



10 How to Know New York, 

interesting shops and stores. It is the city which every American 
longs at some time to see ; and we will remark, with the modesty 
which is always characteristic of hotel-men, that the proper place for 
them to stop while seeing it, is at the Grand Union Hotel, opposite 
the Grand Central Depot. Aside from the so-called objects of in- 
terest, such as museums, parks, theatres, etc., the visitor will find in 
the public streets, and the people who throng them, an endless source 
of amusement and interest. New York is eminently a cosmopolitan 
city. Its population is made up of the people of every clime. In 
different parts of the city, there are colonies made up almost exclu- 
sively of foreigners. 

" Germany." — East of Second Avenue, and extending from Houston 
up to 14th Street, is a region called "Germany." Here one can 
study the Teutonic character, without the danger of an ocean-voyage. 
Signs are in German ; the German language is spoken ; lager-beer is 
the prevailing fluid; and, with the aid of a lively imagination, the 
visitor may fancy himself in the " Vaterland." 

" Italy " is the name given to another part of the city, centring 
about the Five Points. Here children of sunny Italy may be found 
disporting themselves in great numbers, many of them still wearing 
their picturesque native costumes, and speaking no language but their 
own. They are peaceable, industrious, and sober citizens. Cleanli- 
ness, however, is not their specialty. The entire Italian population 
do not, as is commonly supposed, devote themselves to the manip- 
ulation of the hand-organ, or the sale of the cheap (yet nutritious) 
peanut. Many of them are waiters, rag-pickers, and street-laborers ; 
and among the higher class, there are music-teachers, literary men, 
professors of languages, etc. 

** China.''' — The traveller desirous of viewing the almond-eyed Celes- 
tial in his full glory, should visit Mott Street on a Sunday night. Here 
* John " may be seen, arrayed in all the splendor of Chinese apparel, 
his shirt-tails picturesquely worn outside, and his pigtail floating in 
the breeze, indulging in the relaxation to which his six days and 
nights of uninterrupted labor at the great Chinese national industry, 
laundrying, has so richly entitled him. Here he smokes his opium, 



How to Know New York, II 

plays his mysterious games of chance, worships in his peculiar way, 
and minds his own business with a steadfastness of purpose which is 
worthy of emulation by people claiming to be more advanced in 
civilization than he. Among the women of the lower class of Irish 
and Italians, " John " is looked upon as a prize in the matrimonial 
market He makes a good husband; for he not only provides the 
funds for the maintenance of the family, but, at odd times, tends the 
baby, and does all the housework, washing, sewing, etc. His dispo- 
sition is peaceful ; but when disputes arise, as they will in the best- 
regulated households, his pigtail, always within easy reach, offers 
the partner of his joys and sorrows a convenient medium for the vin- 
dication of her outraged feelings. When a robust female attaches 
herself to the end of " John's " pigtail, he generally yields the point 
in dispute, without further argument. In this outlandish quarter, you 
may buy, at the Chinese groceries, the luscious Langi nuts, and the 
leathery abalene, which looks and tastes like ancient boot-heels. 
Here the Chinese Freemasons hold their mystic lodges; and quaint 
New- Year's festivities enliven the scene ; and devout Celestials wor- 
ship their strange gods, in the joss-house at 202 Park Row. 

''Africa."" — Thompson Street, just north of Canal Street, is some- 
times called by this name, by reason of its being almost exclusively oc- 
cupied by the dusky Ethiopian. The negroes are industrious and peace- 
able citizens, good-natured and happy under all circumstances. It is a 
popular superstition, that the negro, on the slightest pretext, "pulls 
a razor," and proceeds to carve every one in his vicinity, revelling 
meanwhile in gore. The writer, however, has several times pene- 
trated the jungles of Thompson Street, and has thus far escaped either 
mutilation or sudden death. 

"Judcea" is near the east end of Canal Street, around Ludlow Street 
and East Broadway, where this wondrously preserved Semitic people 
are found in great numbers. There are nearly 100,000 Hebrews in 
New York, with about 30 synagogues, and twice as many smaller 
shrines, and a score of societies of charity. They form one-tenth of 
the city's population, but less than one-hundredth of its criminals 
come from their number. There are 42 Hebrew millionnaires in New 



12 How to Know New York, 

York ; their estates ranging from Max Weil's $8,000,000, downward 
through the Seligmans and Wormsers and Bernheimers, to the score 
of one-million-dollar men. 

Population. — The census (1880) gives New York 1,206,299 inhabit 
ants, of whom 727,629 were American born, and 478,670 of foreign 
birth. Of these, 198,595 were from Ireland, 29,767 from England, 
8,683 from Scotland, and 929 from Wales. Germany contributed 
153,482; Italy, 12,233; France, 9,910; Russia, 4,551; Spain, 669. 
There were 17,937 New-Jersey-born New-Yorkers j 11,055 ^''O'^ 
Pennsylvania; 10,589 from Massachusetts. 

BuildingSj etc. — There are over 100,000 buildings in the city, 70,000 
of which are below 59th Street. 25,000 of them are used for business 
purposes, and 77,000 for dwellings. 140 of the buildings are fire- 
proof. There are 306 piers, and 144 bridges. 

Districts. — The city has 24 assembly districts, 7 State senatorial 
districts, and 9 Congressional districts. There are 612 polling-places 
and registries. 

Fire-Department consists of 84 steam fire-engines, 2 water-towers, 
32 hook-and-ladder trucks, a life-saving corps, 1,080 miles of fire- 
alarm telegraph, 980 alarm-boxes, 260 horses, and 1,000 men. It 
costs 51,700,000 a year. There are 73 companies, making 12 battal* 
ions, each under a chief of battalion. 

Police-Department has 35 precincts and station-houses, 75 patrol- 
wagons, 6 courts, and 3,200 men (each getting $800 to $1,200 a year). 
The headquarters is at 300 Mulberry Street, where the Rogues ' Gal- 
lery is kept. 

Distances. — Battery to City Hall, J mile; to Canal Street, i^ mile-, 
to 4th Street, 2 miles. Above 3d Street the blocks between the 
streets bearing numbers are twenty to a mile, and the blocks be- 
tween the avenues are seven to a mile. 



How to Know New York, 13 



RAILROAD DEPOTS. 

The following is a list of the principal railroads running into New 
York, the location of the depots, and how to reach the same from the 
Grand Union Hotels Fourth Avenue and 42d Street (or vice versa). 
All the elevated railroads have stations at 42d Street. The directions 
are in Italic type. 

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. — Depot at Jersey City. Ferry from 
foot of Liberty Street. Sixth-avenue Elevated Road to Cortlandt-street 
Station. 

Central Railroad of New Jersey. — Depot at Jersey City. Ferry 
from foot of Liberty Street. Sixth-avenue Elevated Road to Cort- 
landt-street Station. 

Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western Railroad (Morris and Essex). — 
Depot at Hoboken. Ferry from foot of Barclay Street, or Christo- 
pher Street. Ninth-avenue Elevated to Christopher-street Station^ or 
Sixth-avenue Elevated to Park Place {for Barclay-street Ferry). 

Erie Railroad. — Depot at Jersey City. Ferry foot of Chambers 
Street, or West 23d Street. Sixth-avenue Elevated to Chambers- 
street Station^ or Third-avenue Elevated to 2jd-sireet Station^ and 
ftreet-car across. 

Harlem Railroad. — See New York and Harlem. 

Hudson-River Railroad. — See New-York Central and Hudson-River 
Railroad. 

Long-Island Railroad. — Depot at Hunter's Point. Ferry from East 
34th Street. Third-avenue Elevated to 34ih Street^ and ^4th-street 
branch of Elevated to ferry. 

Morris and Essex Railroad. — See Delaware, Lackawanna, and 
Western. 

New-Jersey Central Railroad. — See Central Railroad of New 
Jersey. 

New-Jersey Southern Railroad. — Depot at Sandy Hook. Steamer 
from foot of Rector Street. Sixth-avenue Elevated to Rector Street. 

New-Jersey and New- York Railroad. — Depot at Jersey City. Ferry 
foot of Chambers Street and West 2id Street. Sixth-avenue Elevated 



DE GRAFF & TAYLOR CO., 

Furniture Manufacturers 



AND 



Nos. 47 and 49 West 14th St., 

and 48 West 15th St., 

New-York City. 

ESTABLISHED 1870. 



N. E. MONTROSS, 

MANUFACTURER AND DEALER IN 

PAINTS, OILS, COLORS, 

AND VARNISHES, 

ARTISTS', FRESCO, AND CARRIAGE 
PAINTERS' SUPPLIES, 

1380 BROAD^ATAY, 

Between 37th and 38th Streets, NEW YORK. 



Hew to Know New York. '5 

to Chambers-street Station^ or Third-avenue Elevated to West-2jd-street 
Stat ion J and street-car across. 

New-York City and Northern Railroad. — Depot at 155th Street. 
Sixth-avenue Elevated Road, 

New-York Central and Hudson-River Railroad. — Grand Cejttral 
Depot. (The Grand Union Hotel is just across the street.) 

New-York and Harlem Railroad. — Grand Central Depot. (The 
Grand Uniofi Hotel is just across the street.) 

New-York, New-Haven^ and Hartford Railroad. — Grand Central 
Depot. (The Grattd Unioji Hotel is just across the street.) 

Ne w- York and Ne w- England Railroad. — Grand Central Depot. (The 
Grand Union Hotel is just across the street.) 

New-York, Ontario, and Western Railroad. — Depot at Weehavvken 
Ferry from foot of West 42d Street, ^pd-street Cross-town cars {white) 
pass the Grand Union Hotel, reaching the ferry in teti minutes. 

Pennsylvania Railroad. — Depot at Jersey City. Ferries at foot of 
Cortlandt Street and Desbrosses Street. Sixth-avenue Elevated to 
Cortlandt Street, or Ninth-avenue to Desbrosses Street. 

Philadelphia and Reading Railroad. — Depot at foot of Liberty 
Street. Sixth-avenue Elevated to Cortlandt Street, 

West-Shore Railroad. — Depots at Jersey City and Weehawken. 
Ferries from foot of Jay Street, and West 42d Street. 42d-strect 
Cross-town cars {white) pass the Grand Union Hotel, reaching ^^d- 
street Ferry in ten minutes. 



THE TRAVELERS' EXCHANGE 

30 UNION SQUARE, NEW YORK. 

This is one of New York's Institutions, and should be visited by 
strangers. 

One will find here a Railroad and Steamship Ticket Office, where 
tickets can be bought at lowest rates. Information of every kind about 
same furnished also, free of charge. A bank where Foreign Moneys are 
bought and sold, and cheques and drafts of the Cheque Bank issued for 
one Pound and upward, etc. Also a Passport Department for Foreign 
Travelers. Also a Cable Office (Mackay-Bennett Cable), where messages 
can be sent direct. Also a Long-Distance Telephone, and Maps, Time 
Tables, Guide Books, etc. 




E. & H. T. ANTHONY & CO., 

MANUFACTURERS AND IMPORTERS OF 

PBOTOG^APHIC INSTRUMENTS, 

Apparatus, and Supplies, 

591 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. 
DETECTIVE AND VIEW CAMERAS IN GKEAT VARIETY. 

OUTFITS FOR THE AMATEUR. 

Sole Proprietors of the Schmid Detective Climax Detective, 
Satchel Detective, the Lilliput, Fairy, Novel, Front Focus Novel- 
ette, Victor, and a large number of others. 

Sole Agents for the celebrated Dallmeyer Lenses. 

Dry Plates of all the best makes and Photographic Goods of 
every description, Magnesium Flash Lamps and Powders, Books of 
Instruction, etc. Send for Illustrated Catalogue. 

THE GUESTS' WORK 

OF THE 

QRAND UNION HOTBL 

IS DONE BY THE 

Continental Steam Laundry, 

39 CLINTON PLACE, 

ALL WORK GUARANTEED. 

ROBERT SNODGRASS, Prop. 



How to Know New York. ill 



STEAMBOATS AND STEAMSHIPS. 

Ocean Steamships. — All the principal transatlantic steamships sail 
from the port of New York. A visit to one of them will repay the 
stranger. Select a steamer of the Cunard, White Star, Guion, or 
French lines, or the " City of Paris " of the Inman line, and go down 
to the dock an hour or so before the sailing-time (see daily papers). 
The vessel will be crowded with passengers and their friends, the 
saloon gay with floral offerings, and every thing open to inspection. 
When the warning-bell rings, hurried farewells and parting injunctions 
and admonitions are given, and those who are to go on shore scurry 
down the gang-plank. Slowly the vessel backs out from the pier, and 
amid cheers, and waving of handkerchiefs, and a chorus of good-bys, 
slowly turns her prow towards the many miles of trackless ocean which 
lie between her and her destination. 

About this time the man who is always late comes rushing breath- 
lessly down the pier, only to find that he is left again. It is of no avail 
for him frantically to wave his umbrella, and with shrill expostulation 
command the vessel to return. Those mighty engines will never cease 
to throb and pulse until the Old World is sighted. 

The fastest trip on record, across the Atlantic, was made by the 
"City of Paris," of the Inman Line, between Queenstown and New 
York — five days, eighteen hours, and forty-five minutes. The dis- 
tance is a little short of three thousand miles. 

A vessel well worth seeing is the " City of Rome ** of the Anchor 
Line, the largest passenger steamer afloat. Her length is 560 feet, — 
nearly three city-blocks, — and her breadth 52 feet. Her engines 
are of 8,000 indicated horse-power, and are capable of being worked 
up to 15,000 horse-power. She has accommodations for 480 first- 
class passengers. She is beautifully fitted up, — in fact, a floating 
palace. 

The principal ocean lines sailing out of New York are, — 



1 8 How to Know New York. 

FOR EUROPE. 

Anchor Line. — New York to Glasgow. Saturdays. Pier 20 (old), 
N. R., foot of Dey Street. Fares, first cabin, I50 to $60; second 
cabin, $30. Henderson Bros., Agents, No. 7 Bowling Green. 

Anchor Line. — New York to Liverpool. Steamer " City of Rome." 
Every fourth Wednesday. Pier 41, N. R. Fares, first cabin, |6o to 
^00. Henderson Bros., Agents, No. 7 Bowling Green. 

Cunard Line. — New York to Liverpool. Saturdays. Pier 40 
(new), N. R., foot of Clarkson Street. Fares, first cabin, $80 to ^125. 
Vernon H. Brown & Co., Agents, No. 4 Bowling Green. 

French Line. — New York to Havre. Wednesdays. Pier 42 (new), 
N. R., foot of Morton Street. Fares, first cabin, ^80 to $100 ; second 
cabin, $60. L. de Bebian & Co., Agents, No. 3 Bowling Green. 

Guion Line. — New York to Liverpool. Tuesdays. Pier 38 (new), 
N. R., foot of King Street. Fares, first cabin, ^60, ^80 to j^ioo ; second 
cabin, $35 to $60. A. M. Underbill & Co., Agents, No. 29 Broadway. 

Hamburg- American. — New York to Hamburg. Thursdays and 
Saturdays. Pier foot of First Street, Hoboken. Fares, first cabin, 
$50, ;^6o to ^75. C. B. Richard & Co., Agents, No. 61 Broadway. 

Inman Line. — New York to Liverpool. Saturdays. P'oot of 
Grand Street, Jersey City. Fares, first cabin, ^60, $80 to 100. Peter 
Wright & Sons, Agents, Washington Building, No. i Broadway. 

National Line. — New York to Liverpool. Saturdays. Pier 39 
(new), N. R., foot of Houston Street. Fares, first cabin, $60 to $70. 

National Line. — New York to London. Pier 39 (new), N. R., foot 
of Houston Street. Fares, first cabin, $55 to $60. 

North-German Lloyd. — New York to Bremen. Wednesdays and 
Saturdays. Pier foot of Second Street, Hoboken. Fares, first cabin, 
|8o to $175; second cabin, $60. Oelrichs & Co., Agents, No. 2 
Bowling Green. 

Red-Star Line. — From New York to Antwerp and Paris. Satur- 
days. Pier foot of Grand Street, Jersey City, adjoining Pennsylvania 
R.R. depot. Fares, first cabin, $60 to ^75 ; second cabin, ^^45. Peter 
Wright & Sons, Agents, Nos. 7 and 55 Broadway. 



Hoiv to Know New York. 19 

State Line. — New York to Glasgow. Thursdays. Pier 41, N. R., 
foot of Leroy Street. Fares, first cabin, $50 to $60; second cabin» 
$30. Austin Baldwin & Co., Agents, No. 53 Broadway. 

White-Star Line. — New York to Liverpool. Wednesdays and Sat- 
urdays. Pier 45 (new), N. R., foot of West loth Street. Fares, first 
cabin, $60, $80 to ^100; second cabin, $35. R. B. Ismay, Agent, No. 
37 Broadway. 

FOR BERMUDA AND WEST INDIES. 

Quebec Steamship Company. — New York to Bermuda. Wednes. 
days. Pier 47 (new), N. R. Fares, first cabin, $30; excursion, j^ 50 ; 
second cabin, $20; excursion, $33.50. A. E. Outerbr'dge & Co., 
Agents, No. 51 Broadway. 

FOR CUBA AND MEXICO. 

New- York, Havana^ and Mexican Steamship Company. — New York 
to Havana. Thursdays, 3 p.m. Pier 3, N. R. Fares, to Havana, 
first cabin, $50; to Vera Cruz, Mexico, first cabin, $85. F. Alexandre 
& Sons, Agents, No. 31 Broadway. 

FOR CUBA AND NASSAU. 

New- York and Cuba Steamship Company. — New York to Havana. 
Saturdays, 3 P.M. Pier 16, E. R. Fares, to Havana, $50; to Santiago 
and Cienfuegos, via South-side Line, $60. 

New- York and Cuba Steamship Company. — New York to Nassau. 
Thursdays, 3 p.m. Pier 16, E. R. Fares, to Nassau, excursion, $50; 
to Porto Rico, San Domingo, ^5^75. James E. Ward & Co., Agents, 
No. 113 Wall Street. 

FOR WEST INDIES AND SOUTH AND CENTRAL AMERICA. 

Atlas Liite. — New York to Kingston, Jamaica. Every 14 days. 
Pier 55, N. R. Fares, first cabin, $50 ; second cabin, $35. Pim, For- 
wood, & Co., Agents, No. 22 State Street. 

FOR ST. THOMAS AND SOUTH AMERICA. 

United-States and Brazil Mail-Steamship Company. — New York to 
St. Thomas and Rio de Janeiro. Monthly. Roberts' Stores, Brook* 



20 How to Know New York. 

lyn. Fares, first cabin to St. Thomas, $75; to Rio de Janeiro, $i5a 
Paul F. Gerhard & Co., Agents, No. 84 Broad Street. 

COASTWISE STEAMSHIPS. 

The principal coastwise steamship lines sailing irom the port of 
New York are, — 

Cromwell Lme. — New York to New Orleans, La. Wednesdays and 
Saturdays, 3 P.M. Pier 9, N. R. Fares, cabin, $40; Steerage, $20. S. 
H. Seaman, agent. Pier 9, North River. 

Mallory Line. — New York to Jacksonville and Fernandina, Fla. 
Fridays, 3 p.m. Pier 21, E. R. Fares, to Fernandina, first cabin, 
$21.50; to Jacksonville, $23. 

Mallory Line. — New York to Galveston and Key "West. Wednes- 
days and Saturdays, 3 p.m. Pier 20, E. R. Fares, to Galveston, 
Tex., $50 ; to Key West, Fla., $40. C. H. Mallory & Co., Agents. 
Pier 21, East River. 

New-York and Charleston Steamship Company. — New York to 
Charleston, S.C. Wednesdays and Saturdays, 3 p.m. Pier 29, N. R. 
Fares, first cabin, $20 ; excursion, ^32. 

Nev^ York and Charleston Steamship Company. — New York to 
Savannah. Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, 3 p.m. Pier 27, 
N. R., foot Park Place. Fares, first cabin, ^20; excursion, $32. 
W. H. Rhett, Agent, No. 317 Broadway. 

Old Dominion Line. — New York to Norfolk, Va. Tuesdays, Thurs- 
days, and Saturdays, 3 p.m. Pier 26 (new), N. R., foot of Beach Street. 
Fares, to Norfolk, Va., $8.50; excursion, $16. 

Old Domijtion Line. — New York to Richmond, Va. Wednesdays 
and Saturdays, 3 p.m. Pier 26, N. R. Fares, to Richmond, $io; ex- 
cursion, $18. Old Dominion Steamship Company, Agents, No. 235 
West Street. 

River and Sound Steamboats. — Foreigners sailing into New- York 
Harbor for the first time are amazed at the grandeur of the River 
and Sound steamers. Nearly all are side-wheelers, usually painted 
white, and many are of great size and speed. 



C. A. WELLINGTON & CO. 

IMPORTERS OF TILES 



CONTRACTORS FOR TILE FLOORS, WALLS. 

AND ALL KINDS OF FIREPLACE WORK. 

SOLE UNITED STATES AGENTS 



GHILARDI MOSAIC. 

ARTISTIC WROUGHT IRON. 

44 BOYLSTON ST., - - - BOSTON, MASS. 

Example of Tile and Fireplace Work at 
Grand Union Hotel, New York. 



"BASS ALE," 



-Ajsrr) 



"CHAMPAGNE CIDER," 



22 



How to Know New York. 



The famous steamers " Massachusetts " and *' Connecticut " of the 
Providence Line, from Pier 29, North River, run direct to Providence, 
connecting for Boston, Worcester, Nashua, Concord, White Mountains, 
Bar Harbor, and all points north and east. They are equipped with 
every luxury, and are veritable floating palaces. 

For those who are not good sailors, and are troubled with seasick- 
ness, the "inside route " to Boston, via the Stonington Line, is always 
popular. It is entirely within the limits of Long Island Sound, and, 
except in cases of extreme weather, is usually a very quiet, easy, 
restful trip. 

The principal lines, with their location, and the best way of reaching 
them from the Grand Union Hotel, are shown below. All Elevated 
Railroads have stations at 42d Street. N. R., = North River. E. R., 
= East River. 

LONG.ISLAND SOUND STEAMERS. 



Name of Line, 


New York 

TO — 


Start from Foot 

OF — 


Elevated Station and Line 

Nearest. 


Stonington Line. 


Boston. 


Spring St., N, R. 


Desbrosses St,, 9th Avenue. 


Providence Line. 


Boston. 


Warren St., N. R, 


Chambers St., 6th Avenue. 


Norwich Line. 


Boston, 


Canal St., N, R. 


Desbrosses St., 9th Avenue 


Fall-River Line. 


Boston. 


Murray St,, N. R. 


Park Place, 6th Avenue. 


Hartford Line. 


Hartford, 


Peck Slip, E. R, 


Fulton St., 3d Avenue. 


New-HavenLine. 


New Haven. 


Peck Slip, E. R, 


Fulton St., 3d Avenue. 


Bridgeport Line. 


Bridgeport. | 


Peck Slip and 
Catherine St., E, R. 


Fulton St., 3d Avenue, and 
Chatham Square, 3d Avenue. 



HUDSON-RIVER STEAMERS. 



Name of Line ^^^ York Start from Foot Elevated Station and Line 
' 'rn — <-.=■ — Nearest. 



People's Line. 
Citizens' Line. 

Day Line. 



Albany. 
Albany and 

Troy, 
Albany and 
inter, points, 



Canal St., N, R, 
Christopher St., 

N, R. 
Vestry St., N, R. 



Desbrosses St., 9th Avenue. 
8th St., 6th Ave., and street- 
cars. 
Desbrosses St,, 9th Avenue. 



How to Know New York. 23 



LOCAL MODES OF CONVEYANCE. 

Elevated Railroads render getting about easy and rapid in New-York 
City, which being long and narrow, makes distances great. There are 
four of these roads ; viz., the Second, Third, Sixth, and Ninth Avenue 
" L" lines. All of them extend the length of the city, and start from 
South Ferry, which is at the extreme lower end. 

One branch of the Third-avenue line runs to and from the City Hall 
and Brooklyn Bridge to Chatham Square, where it joins the main 
line. Another branch runs through 42d Street to the Grand Central 
Depot, just across the street from which is the Grand Union Hotel. 
Another branch, on the Third and Second Avenue lines, runs from the 
34th-street stations to the 34th-street Ferry. All the lines have stations 
at 42d Street, within easy distance of the Grand Central Depot and 
Grand Union Hotel. A good idea of the magnitude of the city may 
be obtained by taking the Third-avenue Elevated Road to South 
Ferry, changing there, and taking the Sixth-avenue line to 155th 
Street, and back to 42d Street, and walk or take horse-cars three 
blocks east to the hotel. The speed of the trains is about fifteen 
miles an hour. 

Fare. — The fare on all the elevated roads \s five cents^ with no 
extra charges for transfers to the branch lines. 

Horse-Cars. — There are over forty lines of horse-cars in the city. 
Space permits us to mention only a few of the principal ones : — 

Broadway Line, from the Battery, up Broadway, to 45th Street, 
and thence up Seventh Avenue to Central Park (59th Street). 

Madisen-avenue Line, from Post-office to Fourth Avenue, up Fourth 
.Avenue (passing Grand Union Hotel and Grand Central Depot), to 
Madison Avenue, to 138th Street. 

Third-avenue Line, from Post-office to Third Avenue, and up Third 
Avenue (passing within one block of Grand Union Hotel and Grand 
Central Depot), to Harlem. 



24 How to Know New York. 

Sixth-avenue Line, from Broadway and Vesey Streets to Sixth Ave- 
nue, and up Sixth Avenue (passing within two blocks of Grand Unioij 
Hotel and Grand Central Depot), to Central Park (59th Street). 

Belt Line, from Battery along the East-river front to 59th Street, 
across 59ih Street, and down to Battery again on North-river front 
(west aide). This line passes all ferries, steamboat and steamship 
docks. 

Cross-town Lines cross the city from river to river, at Canal Street, 
Grand Street, Houston Street, 14th Street, 23d Street, 42d Street, 
59th Street, and 125th Street. 

Boulevard Line (green cars) passes through 42d Street, in front of 
Grand Union Hotel, up the Western Boulevard to Riverside Park 
and General Grant's tomb. 

Fare. — The fare on all the lines is five cents. 



>S. — There is now but one line of stages (or omnibuses) in 
the city. The route is from the corner of South Fifth Avenue and 
Bleecker Street up Fifth Avenue to 72d Street. These stages, or 
coaches, are a great improvement over the "busses " used for so many 
years in New York. They are handsome in appearance, are drawn 
by large, well-kept horses, and the drivers are neatly uniformed. 
There are seats for twelve persons inside, and six on top. A ride the 
full length of this line, known as the "Fifth-avenue coaches," is 
strongly recommended, as it leads through a most superb part of 
the city. Ladies frequently ride on top, and there is no impropriety in 
so doing. The stages pass one block west of the Grand Union Hotel. 
Fare. — The fare is five cents. 

Ca6s and Carriages. — Before hiring a cab or carriage, be sure to 
make an exact agreement with the driver as to the charge. Fares are 
high, but the driver will often try to get more than is legally due him ; 
and a wrangle is apt to ensue, unless a bargain is made beforehand. 

Hansoms, or open London Cabs, have become very popular. It is 
easy to get in and out, and the passenger has an uninterrupted view. 
A pleasant way of seeing the city, is to hire one of these vehicles by the 



How to Know New York. 25 

hour, and be driven through the principal streets. By applying at the 
hotel office, cabs or carriages with trustworthy drivers may be obtained 
at the regular rates, and no trouble will be had. 

City Ordinances fix the legal rates for cabs and coaches, and make 
the following regulations; — 

Sect. 89. — The price, or rates of fare, to be asked or demanded 
by the owners or drivers of hackney-coaches or cabs, shall be as fol- 
lows: — 

One-Horse "Cabs," or "Hansoms." i. — For conveying one or 
more persons any distance, sums not exceeding the following amounts : 
fifty cents for the first mile or part thereof; and each additional half- 
mile or part thereof, twenty-five cents. By distance, for " stops " of 
over five minutes, and not exceeding fifteen minutes, twenty-five cents. 
For longer stops, the rate will be twenty-five cents for every fifteen 
minutes or fraction thereof, if more than five minutes. For a brief 
stop, not exce<;ding five minutes in a single trip, there will be no 
charge. 

2. — For the use of a cab (or hansom) by the hour, with the privilege 
of going from place to place, and stopping as often and long as may be 
required, one dollar for the first hour or part thereof; and for each 
succeeding half-hour or part thereof, fifty cents. 

Two-Horse " Coaches." 3. — For conveying one or more persons 
any distance, sums not exceeding the following amounts : one dollar 
for the first mile or part thereof; and each additional half-mile or part 
thereof, forty cents. By distance, for stops of over five minutes, and not 
exceeding fifteen minutes, thirty-eight cents. For longer stops, the 
rate will be thirty-eight cents for every fifteen minutes. For a brief 
stop, not exceeding five minutes in a single trip, there will be no 
charge. 

4. — For the use of a coach by the hour, with privilege of going 
from place to place, and stopping as often and long as may be re- 
quired, one dollar and fifty cents for the first hour or part thereof; 
and for each succeeding half-hour or part thereof, seventy-five cents. 

5. — No cab or coach shall be driven the time-rate at a pace less 
than five miles an hour. 



26 How to Know New York. 

6. — From " line balls," one or two passengers, to any point south 
of 59th Street, two dollars; each additional passenger, fifty cents; 
north of 59th Street, each additional mile shall be charged for at a rate 
not to exceed fifty cents per mile. 

7. — Every owner or driver of any hackney-coach or cab shall carry 
on his coach or cab one piece of baggage, not to exceed fifty pounds 
in weight, without extra charge ; but for any additional baggage he 
may carry, he shall be entitled to extra compensation, at the rate of 
twenty-five cents per piece. 

Sect. 100. — There shall be fixed in each hackney-coach or cab, in 
such a manner as can be conveniently read by any person riding in 
the same, a card containing the name of the owner of said carriage, the 
number of his license, and the whole of section 89 of this article, 
printed in plain, legible characters, under a penalty of revocation of 
license for violation thereof, said section to be provided by the License 
Bureau in pamphlet or card form, and to be furnished free to the 
owner of such hackney-coach or cab. 

It shall be the duty of the driver of every such hackney-coach or 
cab, at the commencement of his employment, to present the passen- 
ger employing him with a printed card or slip containing, in case of 
cabs, subdivisions i and 2, and in case of coaches, subdivisions 3 and 
4, of section 89 of this article. 

Sect. 105. — Any person or persons who shall violate any or either 
of the provisions of sections 98 to 106, both inclusive, of this article, 
shall be liable to a penalty of ten dollars. 



How to Know New York, 27 



PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND LOCALITIES. 

With few exceptions, the public buildings of the city are not im- 
posing or elegant. Most of them, built many years ago, suffer by 
contrast with the great commercial piles which have more recently 
been erected. The most important are named below. 

Assay Office on Wall Street, just east of Nassau, is the oldest build- 
ing on the street, having been built for the United-States Branch 
Bank, in 1823. Here gold and silver are brought in the crude state, 
and assayed, refined, and cast into bars, to be made into coin else- 
where. As high as $100,000,000 in bullion is sometimes assayed here 
in a year. Here may be seen $50,000,000 or more, stacked up in 
shining gold bricks. Visitors are admitted between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m., 
and shown the various processes of assaying. 

Cast/e Garden is at the extreme southern end of the city, in the 
Battery Park. It is open to visitors at 1 1 a.m. As it is the gateway 
of America to hundreds of thousands of immigrants, it has a deep in- 
terest for all citizens. Of the 10,000,000 foreigners who have landed 
in our country in the past century, the majority have passed through 
this portal. 

Irish and Briton and Dutch though we be. 
We are each all Yank in our welcome by thee, 
Columbia. 

Entering the enclosure, we see the fine old brown-stone ramparts 
of Castle Clinton, with its walled-up embrasures. The National Gov- 
ernment built this fortress in 1807, and gave it to the city in 1823; and 
here were held the great popular receptions to Andrew Jackson 
(1832), President Tyler (1843), ^^^^ Lafayette {1S24). In later days it 
became a fashionable opera-house, where the grand voices of Sontag, 
MariO; Parodi, and Jenny Lind were heard. In 1855 the immigrant 
depot was established here, for the reception of incomers from Europe, 
who find here their friends or letters, reliable boarding-house keepers, 



CONSUMERS 

ICE 

COMPANY 

Office and Depot, foot of Horatio Street, 

NORTH RIVKR, 

DEALERS IN 

Hudson River and Maine Ice 




Hotels, Restaurants, Families, Stores, 

Offices, Butchers, Confectioners, Etc., 

Supplied on Short Notice and at Moderate Prices. 

Orders will k Promptly and Faithfully Executed 

It is requested that any neglect by our Employees will be reported at the 
office of the Gjmpany. 



ALEXANDER M. EARLE, President. 



Alfred B. Darling, 
Vice-Pres. 



\Vm. p. Earle, 

Treas. 



Stephen B. Colgate, 
Secy. 



TRUSTEES. 

Alfred B. Darling • Fifth Avenue Hotel 

William P. Earle Earle's Hotel 

Gardner Wetherbee . • Windsor Hotel 

Pierson S. Halstead Halstead & Co. 

George E. Weeks Augusta, Maine 

William Ottmanm Fulton Market 

Alex. M. Earle Earle & Co. 

Joseph Park Park & Tilford 

Charles H. Kerner Clarendon Hotel 



How to Know New York, 29 

railroad tickets for the West, physicians for the sick, cheap, plain food, 
protection and shelter. It is a most interesting sight when a steam- 
ship load of Italian or German immigrants are debarked here, with 
their strange baggage and appurtenances. 

City Hall, in the City-hall Park, was erected in 1803, in what was 
then the outskirts of the city. It is of white marble, built in the 
Italian style ; the back being of brown-stone, as the authorities, eighty 
years ago, fancied that the town would never grow beyond it. The 
governor's room contains the desk on which Washington wrote his 
first message to Congress, the chair in which he was inaugurated, 
many historical portraits, and other objects of interest. A movement 
is now under way to build a new City Hall. 

County Court House is on Chambers Street, near Broadway. It is 
a white marble building, in the Corinthian style, chiefly interesting as 
being the most costly building of its size ever erected. It was built 
in 1869-70, during the reign of William M. Tweed, the leader of the 
New- York "ring," when the city-debt increased nearly $50,000,000. 
Most of this amount was alleged to have been expended on this build- 
ing. But the lion's share of it came back in the form of " rebates " and 
" commissions " to the guileless William and his associates. He after- 
wards died at Blackwell's Island. The Court House stands in the 
City-hall Park. 

Custom House, on Wall Street, at the corner of William Street, is 
a large and sombre pile of Quincy granite. The portico is supported 
by 18 granite columns 38 feet high and 4^ feet in diameter, cut in one 
piece. The rotunda is a beautiful and lofty round hall, surrounded 
by pilasters of variegated marble. The Custom House cost $1,800,000. 

East-River Bridge, or, more popularly, the " Brooklyn Bridge," spans 
the East River, and connects the cities of New York and Brooklyn. 
The length of the bridge is 5,989 feet, and it is 89 feet wide. It is 
suspended from four steel-wire cables, each 16 inches in diameter. 
In the centre is an elevated promenade, on each side of which is a 
railroad-track for passenger-cars propelled by a stationary engine. 
Outside of the railroad-track, on each side, are the roadways for 
vehicles. From the under side of the bridge, in the centre, to the 



3^ How to Know New York. 

water, is 135 feet. Ordinary vessels can easily pass beneath. Very 
large sailing-vessels have to lower their topmasts to go under. The 
fare for foot-passengers is i cent, or, if tickets are bought, i of a 
cent. The single fare on the cars is 3 cents, or ten tickets for 25 
cents. Several " cranks " have leaped off the bridge into the river, 
bent on suicide, or achieving notoriety. Up to the present time, only 
one has been killed, the others having unfortunately survived. The 
total cost of the bridge was $15,000,000. It is a notable experience 
to walk across the bridge by the elevated footway, on a calm and 
pleasant day, and get the noble panoramic views of the two great 
cities, and the thronged river and harbor. This wonderful pontifical 
work, the greatest in the world, was built between 1870 and 1883. 
15,000,000 persons cross the bridge annually. The piers reach a 
height of 272 feet above high tide, and rest on caissons of yellow 
pine, iron, and concrete, sunk in the bed of the river. There is wire 
enough used in the cables to stretch nearly \ of the way around the 
world. To go to the Bridge, take the City-hall train on the Third- 
avenue Elevated Road. 

High Bridge^ by which the Croton Aqueduct is carried across the 
Harlem River, at 175th Street, in cast-iron pipes 7^X8^ feet in size, 
is a very picturesque and noble stone structure of 13 arches, over 
100 feet above the river, and 1,400 feet long. There is a footpath 
over the bridge, and a lofty stand-pipe at one end. 

Jefferson-Market Court and Prison is a picturesquely irregular pile 
at the corner of Sixth Avenue and loth Street, of brick and sandstone, 
in Lombardo-Gothic architecture. At one corner is a fine round tower, 
of graceful and effective proportions. 

Ludlow-Street daily near Essex Market and Grand Street, is a 
massive brick structure for debtors, United-States prisoners, and 
derelict militia-men. Among its guests have been Tweed, Connolly, 
Fish, Ward, and other notorious politicians and financiers of New 
Yoil:. 

Navy Yard. — Wallabout Bay, Brooklyn. (Cross Fulton Ferry, and 
take horse-cars.) The principal naval station of the country, and of 
melancholy interest as illustrating the decay of the American navy. 



How to Know New York, 3^ 

The yard contains an enormous stone dry-dock (built at a cost of 
1^2,000,000), a museum, a library, and a number of venerable vessels- 
of-war of an obsolete and now wholly useless type. At the approach 
of a Presidential election, the yard presents a scene of great activity ; 
many hundreds of voters being engaged in taking down piles of ma- 
terial, and then piling them up again, at liberal wages, The great 
Marine Barracks and Marine Hospital are worthy of notice ; and also 
the parks of artillery, including many trophy-guns, captured in battle, 
from Mexican and other foes. In the British prison-ships moored in 
Wallabout Bay, 11,500 Americans died during the Revolutionary war. 
They are buried near by. 

Post-Office, at the junction of Broadway and Park Row, is an im- 
mense triangular building of Dix-Island (Maine) granite, which cost 
nearly $7,000,000, and was finished in 1875. Over 600,000,000 letters, 
newspapers, etc., are handled here annually. The office yields a 
profit, annually, of nearly $3,000,000, and is the largest in the United 
States. 

Register's Office, just east of the City Hall, was the British provost 
prison during the Revolutionary war, where many patriots were con- 
fined. 

State Arsenal is a gray-stone building with turrets, at Seventh 
Avenue and 35th Street, the headquarters of the State Ordnance and 
Quartermaster's Departments, and a militia brigade. 

Sub-Treasury, at the corner of Wall and Nassau Streets, a noble 
Doric building of white granite, covers the spot where Washington was 
inaugurated President. Here the City Hall was built, in 1700, with 
the cage, whipping-post, pillory, and stocks in front. The first United- 
States Congress under the Coi>stitution met here, when it was named 
Federal Hall; and for some years it was the State Capitol. The 
present building was erected and long used for the Custom House. 
On its roof four pieces of light artillery are kept, and rifle-men guard 
the promises at night. It contains vaults for the storage of gold and 
silver coin, notes, etc. On the granite steps in front stands a colossal 
bronze statue of Washington, by J. Q. A. Ward. The pedestal con- 
tains the stone on which Washington stood when he took the oath of 



32 How to Know New York. 

office in April, 1789. Tliere is an impressive classic portico facing 
Broad Street. 

Tombs, the popular name given to the city prison, occupies the block 
bounded by Centre, Elm, Leonard, and Franklin Streets, and is a large 
and gloomy granite building in the pure Egyptian style. The hanging 
of criminals takes place here. Visitors are admitted on application 
at the office of the Commissioners of Charity and Corrections, corner 
of Third Avenue and nth Street. Sometimes more than five hun- 
dred prisoners are incarcerated within these frowning walls, — murder- 
ers, incendiaries, burglars, thieves, and all their horrid crew. The 
murderers' cells are of especial strength. The building dates from 
1838, and holds prisoners awaiting trial, and convicts waiting to be ex- 
ecuted, or sent to the State prison. The Special Sessions and Tombs 
Police Court are held here. On this site in ancient times rippled the 
blue waters of a pretty lake, around which the Indians built their wig- 
wams. The Dutch found their mounds of shells here, and named the 
place Kalk-Hook, or Lime-shell Point, which degenerated into " The 
Collect." It was near the pond on this site, in the year 1626, that 
three of Minuit's farm-hands murdered a Weckquaesgeek Indian, who 
was bringing his furs down to sell. His young nephew escaped, and 
afterwards led the Indians in disastrous and vengeful forays on the 
colony. Knox's American infantry marched in to the Fresh-water 
Pond, and sat here in the long grass, while the British army was em- 
barking from New York, in 1783. Here, in 1796, occurred the first 
trial of a steamboat with a screw-propeller, John Fitch's invention. 



How to Know New York. 33 



PARKS AND SQUARES. 

Central Park, the most beautiful and popular public domain in Amer- 
ica, only thirty years ago was a dreary region of swamps, thickets, and 
ledges, disfigured with heaps of cinders and rubbish, and dotted with 
the squalid shanties of degraded squatters. Since then a paradise 
has been created here, by an outlay of upwards of $15,000,000. Wind- 
ing lakelets and velvet lawns have succeeded the gloomy swamps, 
splendid driveways curve around the picturesque rocky knolls, foot- 
paths meander through the groves and thickets, and fine architecture 
and monuments of art are seen on every side. The Park extends from 
59th Street to iioth Street (over 2^ miles), and from Fifth Avenue to 
Eighth Avenue (over ^ mile), covering 862 acres, of which 185 are in 
lakes and reservoirs, and 400 in forests, wherein over half a million 
trees and shrubs have been planted. There are 9 miles of roads, 5^ 
of bridle-paths, and 2SJ of walks. The landscape architects of the 
Park were Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux. Upwards of 
12,000,000 people visit the Park every year, half of them on foot. 

The best way to get a general idea of this great pleasure-ground is 
to take one of the large public park-carriages, at the entrances on 
Fifth Avenue and Eighth Avenue. The fare to Mount St. Vincent, in 
the northern part, and return, is twenty-five cents. 

In the south-v/est part of the Park is the Ball-Ground, — a ten-acre 
lawn, where the boys may play cricket, base-ball, or tennis ; and adjoin- 
ing it on the north-east is the Carrousel^ for young children, with swings 
and other means of amusement. Close by is the Dairy, affording milk 
and light food for the little ones. Beyond is the Green, or Common, 
a lawn of 16 acres, made picturesque by grazing sheep, and thrown 
open to the people on Saturday. In the south-east part is the Mena- 
gerie, around the old castellated Arsenal building, and with many cages 
for animals, birds, a house full of monkeys of various kinds, bear-pits 
with amiable appearing ursine dwellers, and many other wild creatures, 



Patterson, Bevins & Plowright, 

iSS FOURTH AVENUE, 

Between 25th and 26th Streets, NEW YORK. 

Telephone No.^ j'jj, Twenty-First Street. 



Camp Chairs, Drapings, Etc., Furnished at Short Notice. 



JOBBERS IN 



gURCHARD & COr 

TEAS 

COFFEES, 

-o CHOCOLATE 



W, J. LEEDS. 

L. S. BURCHARD. 



65 CORTLANDT ST., N. Y. 

HOTEL TRADE A SPECIALTY. 



Hoiv to Know New York. 35 

whose movements are watched by thousands of visitors daily. In 
winter, when several circuses board their animals here, the resident 
population is augmented by sundry lions, tigers, bisons, leopards, 
camels, hippopotami, and other rare and interesting sojourners. 

The Mall is the chief promenade, nearly a quarter of a mile long, 
and 208 feet wide, bordered by double rows of American elms, with 
the Green on one side, and a bold, rocky ridge on the other. Here are 
the statues of Scott, Shakspeare, Burns, Fitz-Greene Halleck, the 
colossal Beethoven bust, and other artistic memorials. Beyond the 
Music Pavilion, where band-music is given on pleasant Saturday 
afternoons, is the Terrace, a sumptuous pile of light Albert-freestone 
masonry, with arcades and corridors, and rich carvings of birds and 
animals. Below is the Lower Terrace, an ornamental esplanade, in 
which stands the famous Bethesda Fountain, designed by Emma 
Stebbins, and made at Munich, and representing a lily-bearing angel, 
descending, and blessing the outflowing waters. Close by extends 
the Lake, 20 acres of winding water, devoted to public pleasure-boats 
in summer, and skating in winter. This part of the Park is reached 
direct from the 72d-street Station of the Third-avenue or Sixth-avenue 
Elevated railroads. Beyond the Lake is the Ramble, a delightful 
labyrinth of footpaths amid thickets, rocks, and streams. Farther on 
rises the Belvedere, a tall Norman tower of stone, overlooking the 
Park and the suburbs of New York, the Palisades, Long Island, 
Orange Mountain, and Westchester County. Next come the great 
reservoirs of Croton water, vast granite-walled structures containing 
1,200,000 gallons of water. The American Museum of Natural His- 
tory is on the left, on Manhattan Square, a kind of annex to the Park, 
between 77th and 8iit Streets and Eighth and Ninth Avenues. The 
Metropolitan Museum of Art (see chapter on Art Galleries) is 
on the right, near 82d Street. 

Beyond the reservoirs extend the North Park, with the carriage- 
concourse on Great Hill; the North Meadow, of 19 acres; Harlem 
Meer, covering 12^ acres, and overlooked by ancient fortifications; 
and the deep ravine of M'Gowan's Pass, from which Leslie's British 
light-infantry drove the Continental troops, in September, 1776. Just 



36 How to Know New York. 

beyond, on the plains of Harlem, the Maryland line came to the rescue 
of the retreating Virginians and Connecticut Rangers, and drove the 
British back, with heavy losses. 

Riverside Park occupies the high bank of the Hudson, from yid to 
130th Street, 3 miles long, and averaging 500 feet wide, with 178 acres 
of land, much of which has been improved by landscape gardening. 
A magnificent driveway, cut into four broad sections by curving ribbons 
of lawns and trees, sweeps over the hills and along the edge of the 
bluff, affording very charming views of the Hudson River, Weehawken, 
Guttenberg, Edgewater, the Palisades, and upper Manhattan. On a 
noble elevation near the north end of the Park is the brick tomb in 
which Gen. Grant's body was temporarily laid, with imposing cere- 
monies, Aug. 8, 1885. You can look through the latticed door, and 
see the flower-laden receptacle in which the remains of the great hero 
are placed. Near the tomb is the old Claremont mansion. People 
who want to see Grant's tomb only, can go up on the Sixth-avenue 
Elevated to 125th Street, and thence go west on I22d Street and 
Riverside Avenue. Those who wish to ride through the whole park, 
with its lovely views of Weehawken and beyond, can take park- 
coaches (tvventy-five cents) from the Elevated station at Ninth Avenue 
and 72d Street. Around this wonderfully beautiful strip of park it 
is said will be the patrician residence-quarter of the New York of 
the twentieth century. 

Among the other public grounds of the great metropolis, we may 
mention a few of the most important. 

Battery (the) is the oldest park in the city. It covers 21 acres at 
the seaward end of the island, with trees, lawns, and walks, and a fine 
promenade around the sea-wall. Here stood the Battery erected by 
the Dutch founders of the city; and in later days, the aristocratic 
houses of the city fronted on its lawns. Sir Guy Carleton's British 
army embarked here on Nov. 25, 1783, a date still celebrated as 
Evacuation Day. On one side is Castle Garden, and on another 
the United-States Revenue Barge-Ofiice. Her-e the Elevated Railways 
terminate. There are beautiful harbor-views from the sea-wall. In 



How to Know New York. 37 

July, 1776, the British frigates " Rose " and " Phoenix," with their decks 
protected by sand-bags, ran by the roaring Battery and up the Hudson, 
firing broadsides on to the town. 

Bowling Green, at the foot of Broadway, is a little oval park, with 
a weary fountain in its centre, and surrounded by ocean-steamship 
offices, foreign consulates, etc., and the great Produce Exchange, 
Washington Building, and Standard Oil Company's Building. On 
the site of the Washington Building {Cyrus W. Field's), in 1760, 
Archibald Kennedy, the collector of the port, built a large house, 
which afterwards became the headquarters of Lords Cornwallis and 
Howe, and Sir Henry Clinton and George Washington. Here also 
Talleyrand made his home. No. 3 Broadway was Benedict Arnold's 
dwelling. At No. 11, on the site of Burgomaster Kruger's Dutch 
tavern, was Gen. Gage's headquarters, in the old King's-Arms Inn. 
The Green was a treaty-ground with the Indians, the parade for the 
Dutch train-bands, and a cattle-market. In 1732 it was enclosed "for 
the beauty and ornament of said street, as well as for the delight of 
the inhabitants of this city." The present iron fence dates from 1770, 
and was formerly capped with round balls, which were knocked off, 
and used as cannon-balls by our artillery in the Revolution. In 1626, 
soon after Peter Minuit, first governor of New Netherlands, had ar- 
rived in the ship *' Sea Mew," and bought the island of Manhattan 
from the natives for $26, he built here Fort Amsterdam, a blockhouse 
surrounded by a cedar palisade. Seven years later it was enlarged 
by Wouter Van Twiller, and garrisoned by one hundred and four 
rotund Dutch soldiers. This site is now occupied by the block of six 
old-fashioned brick buildings south of the square. On the site of the 
Produce Exchange, in 1633, Wouter Van Twiller built the first 
church on Manhattan, and a house for his good Dutch dominie. 
On the site of the fort, a stately lonic-porticoed mansion was built in 
1790, for the Presidential palace, and became the official residence of 
Gov. George Clinton and John Jay. In 181 5 it was replaced by the 
Bowling-Green Block. No. 39 Broadway was the site of the first 
European dwelling on Manhattan, built in 161 2 by Hendrick Chris- 
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How to Know New York. 39 

four small houses and a redoubt, the foundation of the present great 
city. Christiaensen was killed by an Indian afterwards, this being 
the first murder on record in the province. In July, 1776, to celebrate 
the Declaration of Independence, the people came down here in vast 
crowds, and knocked over the equestrian statue of George III., which 
was melted into bullets to assimilate with the brains of the adver- 
sary. The great fire of 1776, which destroyed the greater part of 
New York, began near Whitehall Slip, and swept over the city on a 
strong south wind, while the angry British garrison bayonetted many 
of the citizens, and threw others, screeching, into the sea of flame. 
Chancellor Livingston lived on lower Broadway, in a house hung with 
Gobelin tapestry and rare paintings, with a $30,000 dinner-service of 
solid silver, and a rural palace at Clermont, up the Hudson, 

Hanover Square is at the corner of Pearl and William Streets, with 
an elevated-railroad station, and is now the centre of the wholesale 
cotton-trade in America. On one side is the old Cotton Exchange, 
and on another side is the imposing new Cotton Exchange. Here- 
abouts, a century or more ago, were the mansions of the Beekmans, 
Hamersleys, Gouverneurs, Hoffmans, and Van Homes. And here 
Admiral Digby entertained Prince William Henry, afterwards Wil- 
liam IV. of England. About Hanover Square, in 1800, dwelt a com- 
munity of French emigres, — De Neuville, La Rue, De Riviere, and 
others; and the famous Gen. Moreau, sometime commander of the 
Army of the Rhine and Moselle, banished by Napoleon, who, after 
dwelling here for seven years, joined the Allied armies in Europe, 
and was killed at the battle of Dresden by a cannon-shot, aimed by 
Napoleon himself. 

Jeannette Park, near Hanover Square, has recently been made by 
filling up the ancient Coenties Slip. 

Chatham Square, at the intersection of Chatham Street, East Broacr- 
v/ay, and the Bowery, is the concurrent point of several elevated and 
horse railways, and one of the most crowded and busy localities in this 
roaring metropolis. A hundred years ago, the marshes hereabouts 
were so pestilent, that their owner, Rutgers, declared " the inhabitants 
lose one-third of their time by sickness." 



40 How to Know New York, 

City-Hall Park covers about 8 acres, partly bounded by resounding 
Broadway, and the newspaper-abounding Park Row, and contains 
the City Hall, Court House, and other well-worn public buildings. 
Here, also, fronts the United-States Post-Office, a mountain of granite. 
Before the Revolution, it was an open field, in the country, where the 
people used to assemble for great popular demonstrations. 

Franklin Square, five minutes' walk east of City-hall Square, down 
Frankfort Street, used to be a hillock between the Swamp and the East 
River. It has the Brooklyn Bridge on one side, and the great Harper's 
publishing-house on another, and is roofed over by the Elevated-rail- 
way trestles. At Cherry Street and Franklin Square, Walter Frank- 
lin, the great Russian merchant, built a palace, which became the 
Presidential mansion, where Washington held his court, and gave 
his brilliant receptions. 

Printing-House Square^ just east of the City Hall, contains most of 
the great newspaper offices, the *' Tribune," " Times," " Sun," " World," 
" News," " Journal," ** Mail and Express," and many others, with 
scores of famous and widely influential weekly papers. Here the great 
presses thunder on, night and day, printing their varied editions; re- 
porters flit to and fro with " copy; " and the wonderful New- York news- 
papers are made up, with all their teeming freightage of battle and 
murder and sudden death, lectures, political leaders, and the annals of 
the passing day. The most picturesque and brilliant of these great 
metropolitan journals is " The World," with its army of able writers, 
and its colossal editions, consuming this year over a million dollars* 
worth of paper alone. 

Union Square is a park of 3^ acres, with fountains, trees, statues of 
Lincoln and Washington, electric lights, and other bravery, between 
14th and 17th Streets and Broadway and Fourth Avenue. All 
around are hotels, restaurants, theatres, shops, and offices, the centre 
of an ever busy and picturesque life. Its northern part is an open 
J>/aza for parades, with a platform for speakers or reviewing-officers. 

Washington Square covers 9 acres, at the lower end of Fifth Avenue, 
between Waverley Place and 4th Street. (See page 104.) 

Madison Square covers 6 acres, between Broadway and Madison 



How to Know New York, 4 1 

Avenue and 23d and 26th Streets, and has lawns and trees, statues 
of Seward and Farragut, and a tall electric-light tower. Around it 
are stores, huge hotels, restaurants, and famous club-houses. It is 
the central point of the life and splendor of upper New York. 

Gramercy Parky i^ acre, between 20th and 21st Streets and Third 
and Fourth Avenues, a part of the old Gramercy farm, is a private 
plaisaunce^ around which are the homes of many old families, — John 
Bigelow (No. 21), Cyrus W. Field {123 East 21st Street), David Dudley 
Field (64 Park Avenue), Max Strakosch, and others. Here was the 
palatial home of the late Samuel J. Tilden (No. 15). 

Stuyvesanf Square, on a part of the old Stuyvesant farm, covers 4 
acres, between East 15th and 17th Streets, with the tall twin spires of 
St. George's overlooking it. In this vicinity dwell Hamilton Fish 
(ex-Secretary of State), Sidney Webster, Jackson S. Schultz, Russell 
Sturgis, Richard H. Stoddard (the poet), William H. Schieffelin, the 
Rutherfords, the Stuyvesants, and other well-known persons. The 
square has rich and luxuriant foliage and lawns, the local paradise for 
the dwellers in the adjacent crowded tenement region of the east side. 

Tompkins Square covers ten acres of lawns and greenery, between 
East 7th and loth Streets and Avenues A and B, surrounded by one 
of the most overcrowded tenement regions of the East side. 

Bryant Park is a pleasant open space, between 40th Street and 42d 
Street, and Sixth Avenue and the Reservoir, which received its 
present name in 1884, in honor of William Cullen Bryant. On this 
site the world-renowned Crystal Palace stood in those far-away days 
before the war. It is now a favorite resort of West-side children. 

Morningside Park, a long-drawn and nearly unimproved public 
ground of 47 acres, extends from i loth Street to 1 23d Street, near Tenth 
Avenue, and has a costly and far-viewing driveway, it lies on the 
east, or morning, side of the ridge which separates Harlem plaina 
from the Riverside Park and Hudson River. 

Mount Morris Square surrounds a bold, rocky hill, by which even 
the lordly Fifth Avenue is stopped, in the environs of Harlem. It 
abounds in maples, tulip-trees, oaks, etc.; and from the plaza near 
the fire-alarm tower, on the crest of the hill, a broad view is enjoyed. 





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How to Know New York, 43 



ART-GALLERIES. 

Metropolitan Museum of Art, in Central Park, near Fifth Avenue and 
83d Street. Open free, Wed., Thurs., Fri., and Sat. Other days 
twenty-five cents. A great collection of Dutch and Flemish pictures, 
and other European works of art. It may be reached by Elevated 
Railway from the Grand Union Hotel, to the station at Third 
Avenue and 84th Street, or by the Madison-avenue horse-cars. The 
first movement towards founding the Museum was made in 1869, 
and for some years its collections were kept in rented buildings down 
town (14th Street). The present fireproof brick and granite modern- 
Gothic building was dedicated in 1880, by the President of the United 
States. It is 218 by 95 feet in area ; and new structures are being built 
in connection, so that in time it will be one of the greatest art-museums 
in the world. Space fails to tell of the beauties of these varied and 
extensive collections, numbering many thousands of pieces. Pamphlet 
catalogues are for sale at the door, for ten cents each, one for the Loan 
Collection of Paintings, one for the Old Masters, one for the Cesnola 
Collection, etc. The pleasure of a visit will be much heightened by 
their aid. A long rainy day can be profitably and charmingly spent 
at the Museum. In the West-entrance Hall are many fine pieces of 
statuary. Beer's Medallion of Michael Angelo, the Apollo Belvedere, 
Hiram Powers's " California," " George Washington," " Alexander 
I. of Russia," Roncanelli's " Rose of Sharon," Albano's " Thief " 
from Dante's " Inferno," Mozier's " Rizpah," Fischer's " Goethe," 
McDonald's " Gen. Hancock," Schwanthaler's " Dancing Girl," Maro- 
chetti's "Washington," Houdon's "Franklin," Conelly's "Thetis;" 
and many fine works by Barye, Barbedienne, Thorwaldsen, Reinhart, 
Canova, Launt Thompson, et ah., loaned by their owners. Here also 
is the Poe Memorial, presented to the Museum by the actors of New 
York. On the south-west stairway is a collection of 43 water-colors by 
William T. Richards, of New-England coast and White-Mountain 



44 How to Know New York, 

scenes. The great hall contains many pieces of the famous Cesnola 
collection, from Cyprus, and various other interesting collections of 
rare objects of art. In the galleries are the collections of gold jewellery 
and Greek and Phoenician glass from the Cesnola treasure-trove ; and 
also the Japanese, Egyptian, and Oriental porcelain and antiquities. 
Among the art-treasures in the western galleries are many of Kensett's 
exquisite landscapes, Gifford's and Durand's masterpieces, Frere's 
Oriental scenes, Couture's " Decadence of Rome," Maignan's " Out- 
rage at Anagni," Madrazo's portrait of Robert L. Stuart, Bonnat's 
portrait of John Tayler Johnston, Meyer von Bremen's genre pictures, 
Granet's "Benedictines," Hellquist's great Swedish historical scene, 
Wylie's "Death of a Vendean Chief," William M. Hunt's "Boy and 
Butterfly," Marr's " Mystery of Life ; " landscapes by Cropsey, Inness, 
and Breton ; Boughton's famous "Judgment of Wouter Van Twiller," 
Schreyer's Arab scenes, and many other noble and almost priceless 
works of art. The East Gallery is devoted to pictures by the old 
masters, — Baroccio, Albani, Titian, Correggio, Tiarini, Caravaggio, 
Tintoretto, Tiepolo, Sassoferrato, Bordone, Andrea del Sarto, Ghir- 
landajo, Rembrandt, Rubens, Jordaens, Hals, Van Dyck, Cuyp, 
Wouverman, Ostade, Teniers, Terburg, Breughel, Ruysdael, Steen, 
Velazquez, Murillo, Copley, Stuart, Trumbull, Jarvis, Etty, Lely, 
Poussin. Rubens's " Return of the Holy Family from Egypt " was 
painted on wood for the Jesuit Church at Antwerp, and after the 
suppression of the Jesuits, in 1777, passed to London. His "Lion? 
Chasing Deer " came from Cardinal Fieschi's collection. Many other 
pictures in this remarkable collection have romantic histories, extend- 
ing over centuries. Rosa Bonheur's " Horse Fair," purchased at the 
Stewart sale for fifty-nine thousand dollars, has just been presented 
by Cornelius Vanderbilt ; and the magnificent collection of paintings 
bequeathed to the museum by the late Catherine Wolf has recently 
been added, and is in an annex building erected for its reception. 

Lenox Library's Piciure-Gallery (Fifth Avenue and yist Street) 
has about 150 fine paintings, including Munkacsy's " Blind Milton dic- 
tating Paradise Lost to his Daughters," Turner's " A Scene on the 
French Coast "and " Fingal's Cave," Horace Vemet's « Siege of Sar* 



Hoiv to Know New York. 45 

gossa," Gainsborough's " A Romantic Woody Landscape," Andrea del 
Sarto's " Tobit and the Angel," Delaroche's " The Field of Battle," 
Church's " Cotopaxi," Thomas Cole's " Expulsion from Paradise," 
Bierstadt's " Yo Semite," Sir Joshua Reynolds's portraits of Edmund 
Burke, Kitty Fisher, and Mrs. Billington ; portraits by Leslie, Stuart, 
Newton, Trumbull, Tnman, Peale, Copley, Daniel Huntington, S. F. 
B. Morse, Healy, Pine, and others ; and original paintings of dogs by 
Landseer ; sheep by Verboeckhoven ; landscapes by Mulready, Con- 
stable, Kensett, George L. Brown, Durand, and Ruysdael ; and classi- 
cal subjects by Sir David Wilkie. The statuary includes Crawford's 
"Sleeping Shepherd Boy" and "Children in the Wood," Ranch's 
"Victory," Powers's "La Penserosa," Ball's "Abraham Lincoln," Sir 
John Steele's " Sir Walter Scott," Trentanove's " Napoleon," etc. 

Society of American Artists, 152 West 57th Street, organized in 1877, 
gives annual spring exhibitions. 

American Water-Co/or Society rooms are at 51 West loth Street. 

Society of Decorative Art has classes, library, and sales-rooms at 28 
East 2ist Street. Its members are women. 

National Academy of Design, at 23d Street and Fourth Avenue, is a 
study in dark-blue stone and white Westchester marble of thirteenth- 
century Gothic architecture, forming a peculiarly lovely and artistic 
fa9ade. The great exhibition galleries, on the third floor, are reached 
by an imposing oak and marble staircase ; and here are held exhibitions 
of paintings for two months every spring. The carved capitals of the 
columns were careful studies from leaves and flowers. The anvil- 
wrought iron-work is remarkable for its finish and strength. Notice 
the beautiful Gothic entrance and drinking-fountain. Daniel Hunting- 
ton is president of the National Academy, and T. Addison Richards 
is secretary. The National Academicians (N. A.) are chosen annually 
from the Associates (A. N. A.). From the Grand Union Hotel, take 
Madisoii-avenue horse-cars to 2jd Street. 

American Art-Gallery is in Kurtz's Building, at 6 East 23d Street. 
Fourth-avenue horse-cars to sjd Street. 

New-York Historical Society, 170 Second Avenue, corner of East 
I ith Street, has in its gallery 1,000 pictures, many of them by the old 



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masters, and 100 pieces of statuary. This magnificent collection, the 
finest in America, is unfortunately sealed against the public, except 
such as secure an introduction from members of the Society. 

Sarony's, the famous photograph gallery at 27 Union Square, has 
a rare and interesting collection of weapons, armor, pictures, statuary, 
and other bric-h-brac^ quite worthy of a visit. 

Art-rooms and Art-stores are numerous ; and many should be visited, 
to see the fine modern paintings, etchings, bronzes, etc. Knoedler's 
(formerly Goupil's), Fifth Avenue and 22d Street. Avery's, 86 Fifth 
Avenue. Schaus's, Fifth Avenue, near 26th Street. Kohn's, 166 Fifth 
Avenue. Cottier's, 144 Fifth Avenue. Sarony's, 37 Union Square. 
Keppel's (rare engravings and etchings), 23 E. i6th Street. Interest- 
ing antiques may be seen at Feuardent's, 30 Lafayette Place, and 
Sypher's, 739 Broadway. 

Private Galleries of the Vanderbilts, Eelmont, Hilton, and Miss 
Wolfe are very rich in fine paintings, but may not be visited by 
strangers unaccredited. . 

Hoffman House, in its bar-room, parlors, and rotunda, has several of 
the finest and costliest art-works in America, including pictures by 
Correggio and Bouguereau, a large Gobelin tapestry, and other 
pieces. It is often visited by ladies. 

Madame Provost, on West 27th Street, opposite the Victoria Hotel, 
exhibits rare Persian bric-h-brac, armor, embroideries, plaques, etc. 

Studios of artists occupy the Sherwood Building, Sixth Avenue and 
57th Street; the Studio Building, 51 West loth Street, between Fifth 
and Sixth Avenues ; and the Fourth-avenue Studio Building, Fourth 
Avenue, corner of 25th Street. There are also many studios in the 
Young Men's Christian Association Building, Fourth Avenue and 23d 
Street; the Studio Building, Broadway and 28th Street; the Rem- 
brandt, West 57th Street, near Seventh Avenue ; the Holbein, 139-145 
West 55th Street; and No. 108 West 55th Street. In the Sherwood 
are the studios of Bolton Jones, Deluce, Fredericks, Beckwith, Gran- 
ville Perkins, Curran, etc. In the Rembrandt are the Giffords and 
Sartain, and Junius Henri Browne, the literarian. Many of the artists 
have regular reception-days, when visitors are made welcome. 



48 How to Know New York. 

Art-Schools include, — 

Art-School of Cooper Union, Third Avenue and 7th Street. 
Art-School of National Academy of Design, Fourth Ave. and 23d St. 
Art-Students' League, 2^ West 14th Street, under C. R. Lamb's 
presidency. 
School of Industrial Art, for women, 251 West 23d Street. 
Women's Institute of Technical Design, 124 Fifth Avenue. 

THE MILITIA. 

The disciplined militia of the city numbers 5,250 men, in eight regi- 
ments of infantry, and two batteries of artillery and Catling guns. 
They are equipped by the State with arms and other munitions, and 
partly with uniforms; and the term of enlistment is five years. In 
winter, there are continual company-drills ; and in summer, several 
days of camp-duty under canvas, at the State camp-ground near Peeks- 
kill. Besides adding an element of military splendor to the sober 
burgher life of the city, they are of utmost service in preserving the 
public peace on the rare occasions when riots or other public dis- 
turbances are under way, and the police need behind them the moral 
effect of long lines of bayonets and loaded rifles. They have swept 
the tumultuous streets with deadly volleys more than once, and were 
equally efficient in line of battle before Gen. Lee's ragged but heroic 
Southern infantry. 

Seventh Regiment Armory covers the entire block bounded by 
66th and 67th Streets, and Fourth and Lexington Avenues. The 
main drill-room is 200 by 300 feet. The company and veterans' rooms 
are very elegantly furnished ; and there are library, recgption, and 
memorial rooms of much beauty. The building is open to visitors. 
Two companies drill each evening. It was built in 1879, ^^ ^ ^^^t of 
^300,000. (Emmons Clark is colonel.) 

Eighth Regiment Armory is at Broadway and 35th Street. (Col. 
George D. Scott.) 

Ninth Regiment Armory Is at 221 West 26th Street. (Col. William 
Seward.) 



How to Know New York. 



49 



Eleventh Regiment Armory is at Grand and Essex Streets. It is a 
German organization. (Alfred P. Stewart is colonel.) 

Twelfth Regiment Armory is on Ninth Avenue, from 6ist Street 
to 62d Street, ponderous, castellated, with heavily grated windows, 
loopholed towers, and a high castle-keep. Within, besides many com- 
pany-rooms, etc., is an enormous drill-hall, handsomely equipped. 
(Col. James H. Jones.) 

Twenty-second Regiment Armory is a spacious and attractive struc- 
ture on 14th Street, near Sixth Avenue. 

Sixty-ninth Regiment Armory is over Tompkins Market, on Third 
Avenue, between 6th and 7th Streets. This is the famous Irish regi- 
ment that did such noble service under Col. Corcoran in the Seces- 
sion war. (Col. James Cavanagh.) 

Seventy-first Regiment Armory is at Broadway and 45th Street. 
One of its quaintest trophies is a cannon, " captured from the Bowerv 
Boys " in the famous Dead-Rabbit war, in 1857. This was one of the 
bravest commands in the Battle of Bull Run. (Col. Kopper.) 



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STATUES. 

The objects which a stranger usually wants to see in New York 
first are the Statue of Liberty and the East-river Bridge, the greatest 
works of their kind in the world. 

Statue of "Liberty Enlightening the World" stands on Bedioe's 
Island, in the harbor. It is a majestic female figure made of copper, 
151 feet I inch high, standing on a pedestal 154 feet 10 inches high. 
It was modelled by Bartholdi, a French sculptor, and was presented 
by the French people to the people of the United States. In the 
upraised right hand is a torch, lighted by electricity; and in the left 
hand is the Constitution. The copper is about \ of an inch thick. 
The forefinger is 8 feet long and 5 feet in circumference. The 
finger-nail is 14 inches long and 10 wide. The eyes are 28 inches 
wide. The nose is nearly 4 feet long. The head is 14 feet high. 
The top of the figure is higher than the steeple of Trinity Church. 
The pedestal was built by popular subscriptions raised almost wholly 
through the efforts of the New-York World. The statue and 
pedestal cost $1,000,000. Bedioe's Island is reached from the Grand 
Union Hotel by the Third-avenue Elevated Road to the Battery, where 
a small steamboat starts every hour from the Barge Office, and makes 
the excursion in an hour. The fare for the round trip is twenty-five 
cents. Pleasant views are afforded of the inner harbor, the Narrows, 
Governor's Island and its forts, Staten Island, the Brooklyn Bridge, 
and lower New York. The boat usually lies at the island-wharf long 
enough for one to walk briskly up to the pedestal, and look off from 
its upper balustrade, gaining an enchanting view over the lower har- 
bor and its environing cities. Or you can spend a full hour on the 
island, visiting also the fortifications and barracks of the United- 
States Artillery, and return on the next boat. The statue is the 
largest bronze statue in the world, and can be clearly made out from 
tne Battery and many distant points. It faces very nobly toward the 



52 How to Know New York. 

Narrows, the route from Europe. Inside the sea-wall is an earth- 
work. 

Obelisk, in Central Park, was erected in the Temple of On, in 
Egypt, about 3,500 years ago, by Thutmes III., King of Egypt, and 
conqueror of Central Africa, Palestine, and Mesopotamia, with hie- 
roglyphics illustrating his campaigns and titles, and these of his 
descendant, Rameses II. For many centuries it stood before the 
Temple of the Sun, at Heliopolis, and was removed during the reign 
of Tiberius to Alexandria, where it remained until 1877, when the 
Khedive, Ismail Pasha, presented it to the city of New York. It 
was skilfully transported hither by Lieut.-Com. Gorringe, U.S.N., 
and now stands on the knoll near the Metropolitan Museum of Art, 
in Central Park. The entire cost of its transportation and setting-up 
was borne by the late William H. Vanderbilt. It is of granite, 70 
feet long, and weighs 200 tons. This noble monument was made 
before the siege of Troy or the foundation of Rome, and while the 
Israelites were enslaved in Egypt. 

Beethoven, erected in 18S4, on the Mall at Central Park. A colos- 
sal bronze bust, by Baerer, on high granite pedestal. Given by the 
Mannerchor, a German singing society. 

Bolivar, the Liberator of South America, has a bold equestrian 
statue in Central Park, near West Sist Street, dedicated in 1884. It 
was given to the American people by the Republic of Venezuela. 

Burns stands in bronze, on the Mall at Central Park, designed by 
John Steele, and presented in 1880 by the Scottish New-Yorkers. 

Columbus, a colossal marble statue by Emma Stebbins, is tempo- 
rarily in the Arsenal at Central Park. It was given to the city by 
Marshall O. Roberts, in 1869. 

Commerce, an allegorical bronze figure of heroic size, by the 
French sculptor, Fosquet, stands near the south-west entrance of 
Central Park. Stephen B. Guion gave it to the city, in 1866. 

William E. Dodge, the late eminent merchant, is represented by a 
bronze statue, erected by the merchants of New York, at Broadway 
and 36th Street. 

Admiral Far rag ut is commemorated by a noble bronze statue, 



Hoiv to Know New York. 53 

designed by Augustus St. Gaudens, on Madison Square. The pedes- 
tal curves almost into a semicircle, and has marine decorations. The 
admiral is represented as on the deck of his ship. 

Benjamin Franklin, a bronze statue on Printing-house Square, was 
erected in 1867, at the expense of Capt. De Groot. 

Fitz-Greene Ha/feck, the poet, has a bronze seated statue on the 
Mall, Central Park, designed by Wilson MacDonald, erected in 1877. 

Alexander Hamilton's Statue, presented by his son, John C. Hamil- 
ton, in 18S0, is in Central Park, near the Museum of Art. It is of 
white Westerly granite. 

Humboldt, the celebrated German traveller and scientist, has a large 
bronze bust in Central Park, near the south-east corner, presented by 
German New-Yorkers in 1869. It was designed by Professor Blaiser 
of Berlin. 

The Indian Hunter, by J. Q. A. Ward, stands in Central Park, near 
the Mall. It is of bronze, and has high art-value. 

Lafayette, a bronze statue by Bartholdi, is in Union Square. It 
was presented by French New-Yorkers, in 1876. 

Abraham Lincoln, a. bronze statue by H. K. Browne, was erected in 
186S, in Union Square, by popular subscription. 

Mazzini, an heroic bronze bust of the Italian liberator, was erected 
in 1878, in Central Park, by Italian New-Yorkers. 

Professor S. F. B. Morse has a bronze statue, erected by the Tele- 
graph Operators' Association in 187 1 in Central Park, near West 72d 
Street. He was present at its dedication, but died the next year. 

The Pilgrim, a picturesquely posed and attired heroic bronze statue, 
by J. Q. A. Ward, was presented by New-England New-Yorkers, and 
stands in Central Park, near East 72d Street. 

Schiller, a bronze bust in the Ramble at Central Park, was given 
in 1859, by German New-Yorkers. 

Sir Walter Scott, a bronze copy of the celebrated statue on the 
Scott monument, at Edinburgh, is on the mall, Central Park, on a 
pedestal of fine Aberdeen granite. It was given in 187 1 (the one- 
hundredth anniversary of Scott's birth), by Scottish New-Yorkers. 
The poet is represented seated on a rock, with his dog at his feet 



William Allen & Co., 

Stationers, Printers, Lithographers, 

Blank Book Manufacturers, 
470 Broadway, 

Near Grand St., NKW YORK. 

C. H. C BRAKES, 

Producer, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in 

MILK AND CREAM, 

206 EAST i2th STREET, 

(Formeply 281 MERCER ST.) 
EST^BI^ISMBI} 1868. JNII W YORK. 



Milk and Cream delivered to any point in the City or Cou7itry. 
TELEPHONE NUMBER, 841-31st ST. 



Hozv to Knoiv New York. 55 

Seventh Regiment Monument, a bronze statue of a soldier, by J. Q. 
A. Ward, is in Central Park, near East yzd Street. It commemorates 
the soldiers of the regiment dead in the Secession war. 

William H. Seward, Secretary of State during the Secession war, 
has a bronze statue by Randolph Rogers, erected in 1876, in Madison 
Square. 

Shakspeare, a bronze statue, by J. Q. A. Ward, placed on the Mall 
in Central Park in 1872, by the Shakspeare Dramatic Association. 

The Still Hunt, by Kemeys, is a crouching American panther on a 
high ledge of rocks near the Obelisk, in Central Park. 

George Washington is commemorated by an heroic equestrian 
statue, in Union Square. It was designed by H. K. Browne. 

Washington also has a colossal statue by J. Q. A. Ward, erected in 
1883, before the Sub-Treasury, on Wall Street, where he took the oath 
as first President, in 1789. 

Washington also has a quaint statue, a copy of that by Houdon, 
erected by the school-children, at Riverside Park. 

Daniel Webster has an heroic bronze statue, given by Gordon W. 
Burnham, in Central Park, near West 72d Street. It was made in 
Italy, at a cost of $65,000, and stands on a huge block of granite. 

Gen. Worth is commemorated by a granite obelisk at Broadway and 
Fifth Avenue (Madison Square), erected by the city. 

The following monuments have historic interest : — 

Thomas Addis Emmett, in St. Paul's Churchyard. 

Gen. Richard Montgomery, in the Broadway end of St. Paul's. 

The Martyrs' Monument, in Trinity Churchyard, commemorating 
the American soldiers who died in British prisons during the Revolu^ 
tion. 

Alexander Hamilton's, Albert Gallatin's, Robert Fulton's, and Capt. 
Lawrence's (of the "Chesapeake"), in Trinity Churchyard. 

Capt.-Gen. Petrus Stuyvesant's, in the outer wall of St. Mark's 
Church. 

Statues are under way for Daniel O'Connell, Cervantes, Bryant, 
Tom Moore, Goethe, Orestes A. Brownson, and Garibaldi. 



55 How to Know New York. 



EXCHANGES AND BOARDS OF TRADE. 

There are a number of these in New York, but the two most inter- 
esting to strangers are the Stock Exchange and Produce Exchange. 

Stock Exchange is on Broad Street, near Wall Street. The 
stranger should not fail to visit the gallery of the Exchange between 
the hours of ten and three. As the name would indicate, the business 
of the Exchange is the purchase and sale of stocks, bonds, and 
securities. The manner in which the brokers transact business is 
most amusing and extraordinary, and, to the uninitiated, appears to 
consist of incoherent shouting and violent gesticulation, to which no 
one seems to pay the least attention. When the market is active, the 
scene is as though pandemonium had broken loose. A seat in the Ex- 
change now costs twenty-five or thirty thousand dollars. The building 
is of white marble, and the great hall is handsomely frescoed. The 
visitors' gallery is entered from Wall Street. 

Produce Exchange is, perhaps, the most imposing and impressive 
building in New York. It is at the foot of Broadway, and fronts on 
Bowling Green, and is in rich Italian Renaissance architecture, of brick, 
with a copious use of terra cotta, in medallions, the arms and names 
of the States, and projecting galley-prows. Above its uppermost long 
line of round arches rises an immense campanile, covering 40 by 70 
feet, and 225 feet high, richly decorated, and nobly dominating lower 
New York and the bay. The building is 307 by 150 feet in area, and 
116 feet high; and the main hall is a noble one, 220 by 144 feet, 
and 60 feet high. From the visitors' gallery you may look down on the 
3,000 members of the Exchange (organized in 1861, and the largest in 
the world), and see and hear their fierce bargaining. The se^ne 
resembles a pitched battle between walls, and without cavalry* Near 
the gallery are the sumptuous library and reception rooms.. Go to the 
superintendent of the building, and get a pass (without charge) to 
ascend the tower. The climb is made luxuriously by elevator ; and 



Hoiv to Knoiu Neiv York. 57 

from the summit you see a magnificent and unrivalled bird's-eye view 
of lower New York, the bay, Staten Island, the shores and blue moun- 
tains of New Jersey, Brooklyn, and Long Island. " Not the White 
Tower, nor the Colonne Napoleon, nor Bunker-hill Monument, offers 
any thing equal to the urban, rural, and marine scenery presented to 
the vision." The building rests on 15,437 piles made of sturdy Maine 
and Nova Scotia trees. It was planned by George B. Post, and erected 
between 1881 and 1884. It is entirely fireproof. The flag flying 
from its tower is the largest ever made, covering 50 by 20 feet. There 
are nine passenger elevators. The money-vault contains 1,300 safes, 
and is defended by seven alternate layers of iron and steel. The 
Exchange cost $3,179,000. "Harper's Magazine" for July, 1886, has 
a thirty-page illustrated article describing this vast institution. From 
the Grand Union Hotel take the Third-atemie Elevated Road, and get 
off at Hanover Square, and go thi'ough Beaver Street to the Exchange. 

Mercantile Exchange has a new brick and granite building at Hud- 
son and Harrison Streets, with a tall tower. There are 800 members, 
dealing in butter, cheese, eggs, and groceries. 

Cotton Exchange has a new and imposing seven-story building of 
yellow brick on Hanover Square, south of Wall Street. It cost 

^1,000,000. 

Coal and Iron Exchange is a vast and massive building at the corner 
of Cortlandt and New Church Streets, the headquarters for dealings 
in these great commodities. 

Consolidated Petroleum Exchange and Stock Board, at 62 Broad- 
way, is oftentimes the scene of most exciting commercial hostilities. 
It has a membership of 3,000, and is about to erect a huge new 
building. 

American Morse Exchange is at Broadway and 50th Street. 

Building Exchange is at 12 Dey Street. 

Coffee Exchange is at 141 Pearl Street. It has over 300 members, 
and sometimes 100,000 bags of coffee are sold here in a day. 

Grocers' Exchange is at Wall and Water Streets. Tea and sugar 
are the chief commodities sold. 

Maritime Exchange is in the Produce-Exchange building. Opeo 



GEO, A. BANTA REFRIGERATOR CO. 

228 West 23d Street, Neto York. 

THE oldest house in the line in the manufacture of Refrigerators 
and Refrigerating Machines in the United States. Stationary 
Refrigerators for hotels, of any capacity, also for private houses, a 
specialty. Portable Refrigerators of the very highest class and most 
superior workmanship can be seen at our warerooms. 

These Refrigerators are constructed on the most scientific prin- 
ciples, and are specially adapted for the preservation of all food 
products. 

Persons desiring to purchase a first-class article are requested to 

call or send for an illustrated catalogue. 

The Grand Union Hotel is furnished throughout with Refrigerators 
of our manufacture. 

Union PorceIvAin Works, 

Eckford Street, Brooklyn, N. Y., 

THE ONLY MAKERS IN THE U. S. OF 

GEN\JINE 

CHINA W^ARE 

OR HARD PORCELAIN. 

N. Y. DEPOT, 

DANIEL WALSH, 

1 148 BROADWAY, N. Y. 

SPECIAL ATTENTION TO THE WANTS OF HOTELS, 
RESTAURANTS, CLUBS, AND STEAMBOATS. 



How to Know New York, 59 

from eight to five (exchange-hours, eleven to three). Marine and 
commercial news, reading-room, library, etc. 

Metal Exchange is at Pearl Street and Burling Slip. 

Real-Estate Exchange is at 57 Liberty Street. 

American Exchange, 309 Greenwich Street. 

American Exchange and Travellers' Bureau, 162 Broadway. 

American Real-Estate Exchange, i Broadway. 

Brewers' Exchange, corner of Worth and Chatham Streets. 

Building-Material Exchange, 12 Dey Street. 

Cattle Exchange, Broadway and 3Sth Street. 

Distillers' Wine and Spirit Exchange, 19 South William Street. 

Electric Manufacturing Exchange, Duncan Building, corner Nassau 
And Prince Streets. 

Foreign-Fruit Exchange, 64 Broad Street. 

Hardware Board of Trade, 6 and 8 Warren Street. 

Manhattan Stock Exchange, 69 Nev/ Street. 

Mechanics' and Traders' Exchange, 14 Vesey Street, near Broad- 
way. 

Milk Exchange, 22 North Moore Street. 

New-York Naval Store and Tobacco Exchange, 113 Pearl Street. 

New-York Board of Trade and Transportation, Bryant Building, 55 
Liberty Street. 

New-York Furniture Board of Trade, Bowery and 150 Canal Street. 

New-York Petroleum Exchange and Stock Board, 18 Broadway. 

New-York Real Estate and Traders' Exchange, 76 and 78 Broad 
Street. 

Stationers' Board of Trade, 97 and 99 Nassau Street. 

Sugar Exchange, 87 Front Street. 



6o How to Know New York. 



MARKETS. 

Some of the larger markets are worth visiting. The following art 
the largest: — 

Washington Market bounded by Washington, West, Vesey, and 
Fulton Streets. This is the largest of the markets, and the principal 
centre for the distribution of meats and vegetables throughout the 
city and country. 

Fulton Market, bounded by Fulton, Beekman, South, and Front 
Streets, is also a large market, always containing a fine display of 
fish, poultry, etc. 

At the stands of Eugene G. Blackford, during the first few days 
of April, there is always alar^e display of trout from all parts of the 
country, and at any time of the year the visitor may find a beautiful 
exhibition of all the obtainable varieties of marine life. 

Fulton Fish-Market, opposite Fulton Market, though rather slimy, 
and always pervaded by "an ancient and fish-like smell," is well worth 
seeing. Every thing edible that lives in salt water may be seen here. 
Fish is a cheap and good food, and consequently in great demand. 

The other large markets are: — 

Catherine, foot of Catherine Street, East River. 

Central, East 42d Street, opposite Park Avenue. 

Centre, Centre Street, from Grand to Broome. 

Clinton, Spring, Canal, West, and Washington Streets. 

Essex, Grand Street, from Ludlow to Essex. 

Jefferson, Greenwich and Sixth Avenues and West loth Street. 

Market-Wagon Stand, West, Little 12th, Washington, and Ganse- 
voort Streets. 

Tompkins, Third Avenue, between 6th and 7th Streets. 

Union, Houston and 2d Streets, and Avenue D. 



How to Know Nciv York. 6 1 



COLLEGES AND SCHOOLS. 

The city has 300 free public schools, where nearly 4,000 teachers 
instruct more than 300,000 children, at an annual cost of almost 
$4,000,000. Children between eight and fourteen are compelled by 
law to go to school, and twelve truant officers look out for them. 
There are also many scores of private and parochial schools in the 
city. 

Columbia Cof/ege occupies an irregular group of brick buildings on 
the square between Madison and Fourth Avenues and 49th and 50th 
Streets, near the Cathedral and the Grand Central Depot. It has no 
dormitories. The chief buildings are the School of Mines, along 50th 
Street (four-years' course; founded in 1S64) ; the School of Arts, 
along Madison Avenue (four-years' course; fee, ^150 a year; 274 
students) ; the Law School, founded in 1858, and probably the leading 
one in America (two-years' course ; $150 a year; 397 students) ; and 
the Library (Melvil Dewey, librarian), a handsome building, containing 
70",ooo volumes (open from 8 a.m. to 10 p.m.) in a hall 113 by 75 feet, 
and 58 feet high. The School of Political Science, opened in 1880 
(three-years' course; fee, $150), is in the School of Arts building: the 
School of Medicine is the College of Physicians and Surgeons, at 
Fourth Avenue and 23d Street. The college has in all 1,600 students: 
Frederick A. P. Barnard is president. It was founded in 1754, as 
King's College, and largely endowed with land, by Trinity Church. 
For over a century its buildings were down town, on College Place, 
between Barclay and Chambers Streets. In 1775 the townspeople 
drove out the second president. Rev. Miles Cooper, an Oxford gradu- 
ate, and resembling Dryden in face; and he hid in Stuyvesant's 
house until he could take ship for England. The college was popu- 
larly regarded as a nest of Tories, and remained closed (its buildings 
serving as barracks and military hospital) until 1784, when the Legis- 
lature rechristened it Columbia College. Among its professors are 



(krlESvhnlhs 




^"^^ersficfrnf"'^^'''^^''' "^^^^^ 



Telephone Call, 5<i5-21st St. 

Carl H. Schultz, 

4:30 to 44:0 I'irst Avenue, NBW YOVU. 

25th and 36th Sts. 

HooLE Manufacturing Co., 

Manufacturers of and Dealers in 

Railway Supplies, 

53 GREAT JONES ST., 

New York. 

Hotel Checks, Hotel Key Tags, Baggage Checks, Coat 

and Umbrella Checks, Factory Checks, 

Metal Cap Badges, etc., etc. 



How to K710W New York. 63 

/lenry Drisler, H. H. Boyesen, C. F. Chandler, J. S. Newberry, John 
D. Quackenbos, William R. Ware, and J. Ordronaux. Among its 
sarly students were John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, Robert R. Living- 
ston, and Gouverneur Morris. 

The woman's department now contains nineteen students. The an- 
cient building with old-fashioned columned portico, in the centre of the 
college group, was once the Deaf and Dumb Asylum, and was bought 
by the college about thirty years ago, as a nucleus for its new estab- 
lishment. 

University of the City of New York was founded in 1830, and has 65 
instructors and 800 students. The classical and scientific departments 
are free, and occupy (with the law department) a handsome Gothic 
building on Washington Square. The medical school of the Univer- 
sity is near Bellevue Hospital. 

College of the City of New York, at Lexington Avenue and 23d 
Street, has spacious brick buildings, with a library of 40,000 volumes. 
It has 230 classical students and 330 scientific students, with 36 in- 
structors, and is free to New- York lads. It was founded in 1847 as 
the New-York Free Academy, and became a college in 1866. It costs 
the city 5^140,000 a year. 

College of Physicians and Surgeons, connected with Columbia 
College, was founded in 1807, and has 20 professors and over 600 
students. It has a building at Fourth Avenue and 23d Street, but in 
1888 will occupy the splendid new quarters provided for it by William 
H. Vanderbilt, who in 1885 gave it $500,000, which was increased by 
$250,000 given by his four sons to establish a free clinic and dispen- 
sary, and $250,000 given by his daughter, Mrs. William D. Sloane, 
to establish the Sloane Maternity Hospital. These new buildings are 
near Ninth and Tenth Avenues, and 59th and 60th Streets, close by 
the Roosevelt Hospital and Central Park. 

Bellevue-Hospital Medical College was founded in 1861, and has 
<;oo students and a high reputation. It is on the grounds of Bellevue 
Hospital. 

General Theological Seminary of the Protestant-Episcopal Church 
occupies the block between Ninth and Tenth Avenues, and 20tbL and 



64 How to Know New York. 

2ist Streets. It was founded in 1819, and has 6 professors and 100 
students, a three-years' course, a library of 20,000 volumes, and a 
group of picturesque buildings. It occupies the site of the Chelsea 
farm, which was made a billet for Hessian officers in 1776. It after- 
wards belonged to Bishop Moore, and his son, Clement C. Moore. 

Union Theological Seminary of the Presbyterian Church was founded 
in 1836, and occupies a group of handsome new buildings on Lenox 
Hill, on Park Avenue, between 69th and 70th Streets. Its library 
contains 50,000 volumes and as many pamphlets, including many rare 
old books and incunabula. Among its professors have been Edward 
Robinson, W. G. T. Shedd, Henry B. Smith, William Adams, Joel 
Parker, Philip Schaff, and R. D. Hitchcock (now its president). The 
property of the Seminary is valued at $2,000,000. The buildings along 
the avenue are the Morgan Library, the tower-adorned Adams Chapel, 
and Jessup Hall. Back of these is the great Dormitory. The Chal- 
daic, Arabic, and Assyrian languages are taught here. 

Normal College^ on East 69th Street, near Lexington Avenue, is a 
conventual-looking building of vast extent, with thirty recitation-rooms, 
lecture-halls, libraries, gj'mnasia, etc., where 1,600 bright New-York 
girls are thoroughly educated, and prepared to be school-teachers. 
The building cost nearly $500,000, and its annual expense to the city 
is $100,000. 

Christian Brothers have nearly a score of great schools in the city, 
including Manhattan College, at Manhattanville ; the Cathedral 
School, in 50th Street, with 800 pupils ; the Immaculate-Conception 
School, in East 14th Street ; the De La Salle Institute, at 48 2d Street ; 
and the new Catholic high-school, established in the old Charlier 
Institute. 

College of Pharmacy, at 209 East 23d Street, has 5 professors, 300 
students, and a two-years' course. 

United-States Medical College, eclectic. 9 West 12th Street. 

St. John's College, Fordham, Jesuit; 200 students. 

St. Francis Xavier College, West 15th Street, near 5th Avenue; 
Jesuit ; 450 students. 

Academy of the Sacred Heart, Manhattanville, in a fine wooded parki 



How to Know New York. 



65 



overlooking the Hudson River; 200 pupils. Stone buildings. Two 
great dormitories. 

Catholic High School. — Christian Brothers. In the old Charlier- 
Institute building, near Central Park. 

Rutgers Female Institute^ 58 West 55th Street. 

Friends' Seminary, 226 East i6th Street. 

Riding Academy, 8th Avenue and 59th Street, with the largest ring 
in the world. Also, Dickel's, 56th Street, near 6th Avenue ; Antony's, 
Sth Avenue and 85th Street ; Cohen's, 7th Avenue and 58th Street. 



FERRIES. 



To 



Astoria 

Bedloe's Island .... 

Brooklyn (Main St) . . 

(Fulton St.) . 

" (Atlantic St.) . 

" (Hamilton Ave.) 

" (Montague St.) 
E.D. (Broadway) 
" (Grand St.) 

" " (Broadway) 

" (Grand St.) 

" " (Broadway) 

Communipaw 

Fort Lee 

Governor's Island , . . 

Greenpoint 

Hoboken 

Hoboken (14th St.) . . 
Hunter's Point .... 

Jersey City 

Jersey City 

I^ersey City (Pavonia) . . 

Maten Island 

Weehawken 



From 



92d St. E. R 

U. S. Barge Office, Battery . . . 

Catherine St. E. R 

Fulton St. E. R 

Whitehall. E. R 

Whitehall. E. R 

W^all St. E. R 

Roosevelt St. E. R 

Houston St. E. R 

Grand St. E. R 

Grand St. E. R 

East 23d St. E. R 

Liberty St. N. R 

129th St. N. R 

The Battery 

East loth and East 22d Sts. E. R. . 
Barclay and Christopher Sts. N. R. 

West 14th St. N. R 

James Slip, 7th and 34th Sts. E. R. 

Desbrosses St. N. R 

Cortlandt St. N. R 

Chambers or 23d St. N. R. . . . 

Whitehall. N. R 

West 42d St. N. R 



Every 



I"? 


minutes. 


2 


hours. 


ID 


mmutcs. 


5 






12 




" 


10 




" 


ID 




" 


10 




" 


10 

7 




« 


12 




" 


le 




" 


15 




" 






t( 


TO 






^5 
15- 


30 


" 


10 




" 


ID 
10 




u 


25-45 


" 


15 




" 



ICHTHIOLOGICIL DISPLAT 

AT FULTON MARKET. 
Every one visiting New York City should visit the establishment of 

EUGENE G. BLACKFORD, 

74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80, 82, 84, & 86 FultoD Market, 

Where everything in IMarine and Fresh Water Products can be 
seen on exhibition and for sale. 



Fish, Oysters, Crabs, Turtle, and Terrapin 

SHIPPED TO ALL PARTS OF THE COUNTRY. 

HENRY HUBER & CO. 

SI BEKKJVLAN ST., KKW YORK, 

HAVE FURNISHED THE TOILET" ROOMS OF THE 

GRAND UNION HOTEL, NEW YORK, 

(Opposite Grand Central Depot), with their 

"TIDAL WAVE" WATER-CLOSETS, 

which cannot be excelled in superior qualities and cleanliness. 

Ail who contemplate building or making alterations in their 
plumbing should visit their showrooms at 81 Beekman Street, 
and examine their sanitary specialties, set up with water 
attached. 

PRINCIPAL OFFICE AND WAREROOMS, 
81 Beekman St., New York. 

WESTERN BRANCH, EASTERN BRANCH, 

82 Dearborn St., Chicago. 235 Washington St., Boston. 



How to Knozv Neiv York. 6^ 



LIBRARIES, ETC. 

Free Circulating Library is intended to become to New York what 
the Public Library is to Boston, except that it will be composed of 
many separate collections, in different parts of the city. Andrew 
Carnegie, John Jacob Astor, and others have lately given considerable 
sums for this purpose. The branches now in operation are at 49 Bond 
Street (13,000 volumes), and the Ottendorfer Library, at 135 Second 
Avenue, founded by Oswald Ottendorfer in 1884 (12,000 volumes, half 
of them German). The Bruce Library (endowed by Miss Catherine 
W. Bruce as a memorial of her father) is being built on West 42d 
Street, west of Seventh Avenue, adjoining the Baptist Church. An- 
other branch is to be built down town, on the west side. 

Apprentices' Library, founded in 1820, and still conducted by the 
General Society of Mechanics and Tradesmen, is at 18 East i6th Street. 
It contains 70,000 volumes, one-third of which are stories. It is open 
to lads under eighteen, journeymen, apprentices, and working-women, 
giving out 160,000 books a year. It is open from 8 a.m. to 9 p.m. 

Astor Library, on Lafayette Place, is a handsome brown-stone Ro- 
manesque building, 200 feet long, containing 226,000 volumes, and 
open from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. (4 in winter). Books are not allowed to 
go out. There is a spacious vestibule, with 24 marble busts; and of 
the three great halls above, the centre one is for catalogues and de- 
livery, and the others for general reading. Some of the departments 
of literature are more complete than in any other American library, 
and many scholars haunt the twilight alcoves while making books. 
John Jacob Astor left $400,000 to found the library withal, in 1848 ; 
to which his son, William B. Astor, added $550,000; and his grand- 
son, John Jacob Astor, $300,000. There are many Greek and Latin 
MSS., black-letter volumes, and Shakspeareana. 

Cooper Union, a huge brown-stone building at the head of the Bow- 
ery, covers an entire square, and contains free libraries, reading-rooms. 



6S How to Know Neiv York. 

lecture-foundations, evening scliools of design, engraving, science, 
telegraphy, etc., and the rooms of the American Geographical Society. 
It was founded by Peter Cooper, a wealthy iron-founder and glue- 
manufacturer, who stated his ideas thus : " The duty of a business 
man is to make money : the duty of a Christian is to spend it." He 
erected this building, in 1857, at a cost of $630,000, and richly en- 
dowed the group of free schools that he founded here. The library 
contains 20,000 volumes. 

Mercaniile Library, in Clinton Hall, Astor Place, was incorporated 
in 1866, and is open from 8 a.m. to 9 p.m. It contains 210,000 vol- 
umes, and has a large reading-room. There are 5,500 members, who 
pay $4 or $5 each per year. It has branches at 431 Fifth Avenue and 
2 Liberty Place. 

Lenox Library is a noble building of white Lockport limestone, in 
modern French architecture, fronting on Central Park, at Fifth Avenue 
and 71st Street, 192 by 114 feet in area, forming a court-yard between 
the central building, its advancing wings, and a ponderous limestone 
wall with iron gates. It was built and equipped, at a cost of $1,- 
000,000, by the late James Lenox, who afterwards richly endowed it, 
for the people. Access to its treasures has not been made so easy 
that the people know much about it, and there have been ferocious 
skits in the newspapers (and notably in " Life " ) about the practical 
exclusion of the public. If any one wants to visit the Library, he must 
write to the superintendent, Dr. G. H. Moore, looi Fifth Avenue, 
and receive a card of admission. You had better try this, and go up 
there on a rainy day, when unable to do sight-seeing out-doors. From 
the Grand Union Hotel, go up on the Third-avenue Elevated Railroad 
to C7th-street Station. In the south wing is the library, containing 
precious incunabula; a perfect Mazarin Bible, printed by Gutenberg 
and Faust, in 1650, and the oldest of printed books; Latin Bibles 
printed at Mayence in 1462 (by Faust and Schoffer), and at Nurem- 
berg in 1477 (with many notes in Melanchthon's handwriting); seven 
fine Caxtons; block-books; five of Eliot's Indian Bibles; "The Re- 
cuyell of the Historyes of Troye" (Bruges, 1474), the first book 
printed in English ; the Bay Psalm Book (Cambridge, 1640), the first 



How to Know Nciv York. 69 

book printed in the United States, etc. There are also many rare 
MSS. on vellum, illuminated, dating from before the invention of 
printing. These objects are exhibited and entertainingly explained by 
the librarian, the venerable Dr. S. Austin Allibone, author of the Dic- 
tionary of Authors. The picture-gallery is described in chapter on 
Art. 

New-York Historical Society, 170 Second Avenue (open from 9 to 
6), has upwards of 70,000 volumes, especially Americana and geneal- 
ogy. It is inaccessible to the public. 

Bar Association (7 West 29th Street) has a library of 24,000 vol- 
umes ; open to members and the judges. 

City Library, 12 City Hall, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. 

American Institute, 19 Astor Place, 9 to 9. 

Masonic, Sixth Avenue and 23d Street. 

Mott Memorial (medical), 64 Madison Avenue, open 11 to 9. 

New-York Society, 6-j University Place, 8 to 6, 70,000 volumes. 
Founded 1754; $1$ a year. 

New-York Law-Institute Library, 116 Post-office Building. Open 9 
A.M. to 5 P.M.; 30,000 legal works. 

Young Men's Christian Association has several libraries in different 
localities. 

American Museum of Natural History, between Eighth and Ninth 
Avenues, and 77th and 8ist Streets, was founded in 1869. The corner- 
stone of this building was laid by President Grant in 1874, and the 
Museum was opened in 1877 by President Hayes. It is a Gothic 
building of brick and granite, with several large and admirably ar- 
ranged halls. Here are found the Powell collection of British-Colum- 
bian objects, the Robert-Bell collection from Hudson's Bay, the 
De-Morgan collection of stone-age implements from the valley of the 
Somme, the Jesup collection of North-American woods and building- 
stones, the James-Hall collections in paleontology and geology, the 
Gay collection of shells, the Bailey collection of birds' nests and eggs, 
mounted mammalia, Indian dresses and weapons, Pacific-Islanders' 
implements and weapons, 10,000 mounted birds, the Major-Jones col- 
lection of Indian and mound-builders' antiquities from Georgia, the 



JO How to Know New York. 

Porto-Rico antiquities, a mammolh twenty-five feet high; several 
specimens of the extinct Austrahan bird, the Moa, fifteen feet high ; 
reptiles, fishes, corals, minerals, etc. The library contains 12,000 
scientific works. Many lectures are given here yearly for the teachers 
in the public schools, who come here to study these vast and interest- 
ing collections. New buildings are about to be added by the State, 
The Museum is open free on Wednesdays, Thursdays, Fridays, and 
Saturdays. It is reached by the Sixth-avenue Elevated Railroad to 
the 8ist-street Station, or by the Eighth-avenue horse-cars. 




Grand Central Depot, the largest and finest passenger station in 
America, is located on Forty-second Street, directly opposite the 
Grand Union Hotel. It is used jointly by the New York Central and 
Hudson River Railroad, the Harlem Railroad, and the New York, 
New Haven and Hartford Railroad, with the connections of the latter 
ramifying all over New England. 



How to Know New York. 71 



CHURCHES. 

There are about 400 churches in New York, capable of seating at 
one time 250,000 persons, and valued at $60,000,000. 

Roman Catholic. — There are 60 Roman-Catholic churches in 
New York, representing a vast population, as each has several differ- 
ent congregations on each day of worship. Several of the churches 
are German, Polish, etc. 

St Patrick's Cathedral is the greatest and most magnificent church 
in the United States. It was projected in 1850 by Archbishop Hughes, 
and the plans drawn by James Renwick. The corner-stone was laid 
in 1858, in the presence of 100,000 persons; and May 25, 1879, ^'^^ 
cathedral was dedicated by Cardinal McCloskey. It has cost over 
$2,000,000. It is in thirteenth-century decorated Gothic, like the cathe- 
drals of Amiens, Cologne, York, and Exeter ; and the material is fine 
white marble. It is a Latin cross, 306 feet long, and 120 feet wide 
(140 at transepts), and 108 feet high, with a noble clerestory upheld 
on long lines of clustered marble columns, and carrying a lofty and 
richly ornamented ceiling. On each side of the front gable (which is 
156 feet high, or taller than most of the steeples of America), the 
carved and pinnacled spires are to be carried to a height of 328 feet, 
when this huge marble mountain, uplifted on the highest point of 
Fifth Avenue, will be a landmark for leagues. The 70 windows (37 
of which are memorial) are of rich stained glass, and were made at 
Chartres, France, at a cost of $100,000. That in the south transept 
shows forth the life of St. Patrick ; that in the north, the life of the 
Blessed Virgin. The main altar is 40 feet high, of Italian marble, 
inlaid with gems, and bass-reliefs of the Passion ; and on one side is 
the great Gothic throne of the archbishop. The altar of the Holy 
Family, of Tennessee marble and Caen stone ; of the Blessed Virgin, 
of curiously carved French walnut ; of the Sacred Heart, of bronze ; of 
St. Joseph, of bron/e and mosaic, — are all of great interest and artis- 



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How to Know New York, 73 

tic merit. High mass is given at 10.30 a.m., on Sunday, and vespers 
at 4 P.M. The cathedral is open every day of the week. Seats in the 
centre may be had at high mass for 25 cents (on the sides for 15 
cents), tickets being procured from the verger near the main entrance, 
inside. 

St. Paul the Apostle, at 60th Street and Ninth Avenue, pertains to the 
-celebrated preaching Order of Paulists. whose monastery adjoins it. 
It is an immense and sombre pile of gray stone, with an ascetic 
interior, singularly devoid of ornament, but impressive from its great 
size. The main portals are flanked by statues of the saints. 

St. Patrick's, at Mott and Prince Streets, erected in 181 5, and with 
a very spacious interior, was formerly the cathedral. 

Church of the Most Holy Redeemer (German), at 30th Street and 
Avenue A, is a rich Byzantine building, with lofty roof, costly altar, 
and a spire 265 feet high. 

St. Stephen's, on East 28th Street, near Third Avenue, is celebrated 
for its beautiful music. This was the church of the famous Dr. 
McGlynn. 

St. Francis Xavier is on West i6th Street, near Sixth Avenue. 
Father Frisbee. 

St. Ann's is at 112 East 12th Street. 

St. Mary's is at 438 Grand Street. 

St. Vincent de Paul's is a French church, on West 23d Street. 

Episcopalian. — There are 76 churches of this sect in New York, 
of which the following may be distinguished: — 

Trinity Church, on Broadway, at the head of Wall Street, is the 
richest parish in America, having revenues of $500,000 a year. It 
was founded in 1697, receiving from the English Government a grant 
of its present site, outside the north gate of the city, to which in 1705 
was added Queen Anne's Farm, including the territory along the river 
from Vesey Street to Christopher Street. Much of this great 
domain remains in the possession of the parish. Other singular 
resources were added to Trinity's store. It received a fund raised for 
relieving Christian slaves out of Salee ; was granted all wrecks and 



74 How to Know New York, 

drift-whales on the island of Nassau ; Jewish citizens contributed for 
its spire ; and the Widow Hellegard DeKay loaned it ;[^400. Com- 
munion services were given by William and Mary, Queen Anne, and 
King George. Among the rectors were Dr. Vesey, for 50 years ; 
Dr. Barclay, from 1746 to 1764; Dr. Auchmuty; Bishops Provoost, 
Moore, and Hobart; Dr. Hobart. When the Revolution broke out, 
the clergy were Royalist; and the patriots closed the church, which 
was burned down in 1776, and rebuilt in 1788. The present church 
dates from 1846, and is a noble Gothic structure, with a rich gray 
interior, carved Gothic columns, groined roofs, and the magnificent 
marble and mosaic altar and reredos, erected by his family as a me- 
morial to the late William B. Astor. The church is usually open all 
day long, throughout the week, with morning and evening prayers, at 
9 A.M. and 3 P.M., and imposing choral services on Sunday. The par- 
ish spends enormous sums annually in charities. Upjohn, the great- 
est of American architects in the Gothic style, devoted seven years to 
building Trinity. It has an elaborate chancel service of silver, pre- 
sented by good Queen Anne. Its spire, 284 feet high, commands a 
wide and wonderful view, and contains a melodious chime of bells. 

St Paul's, at Broadway and Vesey Street, was built in 1764-66, and 
faces away from Broadwa}', and was attended by Washington. It is 
a chapel of Trinity parish. The interior is quaint and old-fashioned 
to a degree. At mid-aisle, on the Vesey-street side, the site of the 
pew of Washington is marked with his initials. The organ was 
brought from England long years ago. Dr. Auchmuty used to read 
prayers for the king, in the chancel, until the drummers of the Ameri- 
can garrison beat him down with the long roll in the centre aisle. 

Among those buried in St. Paul's churchyard were Emmet and 
MacNeven, Irish patriots of '98 ; Gen. Richard Montgomery, the 
brave Irish- American, who was killed in storming Quebec; John 
Dixey, R.A., an Irish sculptor ; Capt. Baron de Rahenan, of one of 
the old Hessian regiments ; Col. the Sieur de Rochefontaine, of our 
Revolutionary army ; John Lucas and Job Sumner, majors in the 
Georgia Line and Massachusetts Line ; and Lieut.-Col. Beverly 
Robinson, the Loyalist. 



How to Know New York. 75 

Trinity Chapel is a brown-stone Gothic church, on 25th Street, 
close to Madison Square. The inside walls are of Caen stone, with 
tiled floors, and rich stained windows. Dr. Swope is rector. 

St. John^s is a venerable sandstone chapel of Trinity parish, with a 
deep portico, on St. John's Park, where the great New-York Central 
freight-station now stands. Dr. Weston is rector. 

St. Augustine's, in Houston Street, near the Bower)'', is a handsome 
Queen Anne chapel of Trinity, with industrial schools, guilds, and 
mission-house. Dr. Kimber is in charge. An illuminated crystal 
cross on its lofty spire indicates when services are being held. The 
bell was cast in 1700, and presented by the Bishop of London, in 1704. 

Grace Church looks down Broadway from loth Street, and is a 
very sumptuous and ornate edifice of marble, with a lofty marble spire. 
The interior is rich in delicate carvings, lines of stone columns, forty 
stained-glass windows, etc. Renwick built the church in 1845. ^''• 
Huntington is rector. You should visit the beautiful little chantry, 
opening off the south aisle, and erected by Catherine Wolf's bounty. 

Calvary Church, at Fourth Avenue and 21st Street, is a cathedral- 
like stone structure, with a rich and spacious interior, great tran- 
septs, and clustered Gothic columns. It dates from 1847. 

St. George's, Low-church, on Stuyvesant Square, is an immense 
Byzantine structure of brown-stone, with lofty twin-spires, a rich 
chancel, and brilliant polychromatic interior. The elder Dr. Stephen 
H. Tyng was many years rector. W. S. Rainsford is rector. 

St. Mar/c's is a quaint old church, at Second Avenue and Stuy- 
vesant Place, with many mural tablets, and the tombs of Petrus 
Stuyvesant, the last Dutch governor; Col. Slaughter, one of the 
English governors ; and Gov. Tompkins. From the adjacent church- 
yard, A. T. Stewart's body was stolen, by night. On the site of St. 
Mark's, Gov. Stuyvesant built a chapel, near his quaint yellow-brick 
house, over two centuries ago. 

Church of the Holy Spirit, at Madison Avenue and 66th Street, 
designed by R. H. Robertson, is famous for its fine wood-carvings. 

St. James, on Madison Avenue, corner of 71st Street, is one of 
the most elegant in the denomination. The new edifice is but a few 



'j6 How to Know New York. \ 

years old, but it is admired for its graceful exterior and its exquisite 
interior. 

St Bartholomew's, at Madison Avenue and West 44th Street, has a 
sumptuous richness of brilliant colors and gold, and stained windows, 
arcades and round arches, and polished granite pillars. 

Church of the Heavenly Rest, at 551 Fifth Avenue, contains pol- 
ished red and gray granite pillars, with immensely costly capitals, in 
carved roses and lilies ; frescos of Fra Angelico's seraphs ; richly 
carved roof-timbers, and brilliant windows. Low-church. 

St. Ignatius, 56 West 40th Street, opposite Bryant Park, is High- 
church and ritualistic, with a rich and almost Roman service, largely 
choral, and a fine marble altar. Arthur Ritchie is rector. 

St. Mary the Virgin is a ritualistic church, at 228 West 45th Street. 

Anthon Memorial Church, 139 East 48th St., Heber Newton, rector. 

St Thomas (Dr. Morgan), at Fifth Avenue and West 53d Street, 
is in Early-English Gothic, with its seven-sided chancel adorned with 
a magnificent group of paintings by John LaFarge, representing the 
Adoration of the Cross, with sculptures by Augustus St. Gaudens. 
The church cost $750,000. 

Church of the Holy Trinity^ at Madison Avenue and 42d Street, 
was the place of the younger Dr. Stephen H. Tyng's labors for many 
years. It is Low-church in its forms. 

Presbyterian. — Including the Reformed and the United wings, 
the Presbyterians have 55 churches. 

First Presbyterian Church, on Fifth Avenue, near nth Street, is a 
handsome stone building. 

Madison-Square Church is a neat brown-stone structure. Dr 
Parkhurst is pastor. 

Brick Churchy at Fifth Avenue and 37th Street, w'th a lofty spire, 
was for many years the scene of Dr. Spring's labors, and belongs to 
the oldest of the Presbyterian societies, formerly on Beekman Street. 
Dr. Vandyke is pastor. 

University-Place Church, at loth Street, is of stone, with a spire 184 
feet high. 



How to Know New York. jj 

Murray-Hill Church, 135 East 40th Street» was the Rev. Dr. Bur- 
chard's. 

Church of the Covenant, at 34th Street and Park Avenue, is a 
Lombardo-Gothic temple. 

Fifth- Avenue Church, at 708 Fifth Avenue, corner of West 5Sth 
Street, is an enormous Gothic structure, with a spire of great height. 
It cost $750,000. Dr. John Hall, the celebrated English divine, is the 
pastor. 

Methodist. — There are 66 Methodist churches in New York, 5 of 
which are German, 6 African, i Swedish, and i Welsh. 

John-Street Church is the cradle of American Methodism, which 
began in 1766, when Philip Embury preached to four persons. Two 
years later, the society bought this site, and built the Wesley Chapel, 
replaced in 1817 and in 1841 by larger churches. The clock now 
there was presented by John Wesley, and the society has other pre- 
cious relics of the early days. 

St Paul's, at Fourth Avenue and East 22d Street, is a handsome 
white-stone structure, in Romanesque architecture, with a spire 210 
feet high. 

St. Luke's is at 108 West 41st Street. 

Asbury Church is at 82 Washington Square. 

Lexington-Avenue Church is at East 52d Street. 

Baptists have 43 churches, including those for the French, Swedes, 
Germans, Africans, and other nationalities. 

Fifth- A venue Church is at the corner of West 46th Street. Dr. 
Armitage is the pastor. 

Madison-Avenue Church is at the corner of East 31st Street. Dr. 
Bridgman is pastor. 

Epiphany is at Madison Avenue and 64th Street. Dr. Elder. 

Calvary Church, on West 57th Street, is ministered to by Dr. Mac- 
Arthur. 

First Baptist Church, at Broome and Elizabeth Streets, is a Gothic 
building of rough stone. 



78 How to Know New York. 

Tabernacfe, on Second Avenue, near loth Street, is an attractive 
Gothic building, near St. Mark's. This was once the leading Baptist 
church in America, in Dr. Edward Lothrop's day, but having run 
down, it was on the verge of being sold for a synagogue, until it was 
revived and beautified by its present pastor, the Rev. Dr. D. G. Potter, 
largely aided by contributions from the leaders of the Standard Oi! 
Company. 

CoNGREGATioNALiSTS have 8 churches. 

Tabernacle^ at Sixth Avenue and 34th Street, is a handsome Gothic 
temple, with elaborately carved pulpit and organ-screen. Dr. W. M. 
Taylor is pastor. 

On lower Madison Avenue, there are two Congregational churches, 
at East 45th Street and East 47th Str#et. 

Universalists maintain 4 churches. 

Church of the Divine Paternity (Dr. Eaton), at Fifth Avenue and 45th 
Street, was for many years ministered to by Dr. E. H. Chapin. It has 
towers 185 feet high. 

Unitarians support 2 churches, widely known by reason of their 
illustrious pastors. 

All Souls' Churchy at Fourth Avenue and East 20th Street, is a 
quaint red-and-white Byzantine edifice, in the style of the mediaeval 
Italian churches, in which the late Dr. Bellows preached for many 
years. Dr. Williams is pastor. 

Church of the Messiah, at Park Avenue and East 34th Street, on 
Murray Hill, is a spacious and handsome structure, with a beautiful 
portal. Robert Collyer is pastor. 

Reformed Dutch have 24 churches and chapels. 

Collegiate Middle Reformed Church, at 4th Street and Lafayette 
Place, built in 1839, has a handsome marble pulpit and a fine interior. 

Other Reformed Churches are on Fifth Avenue, at 21st, 29th, and 
48th Streets. The latter is a rich and florid Gothic building of brown- 
stone, with colored windows, many high gables, and flying buttresses. 



How to Know New York. 79 

Hebrew. — There are 30 synagogues and temples, with strange 
Oriental names and ritual, and many smaller shrines. 

Temple Emanu-EI, at Fifth Avenue and West 43d Street, is a pic- 
turesque pile of Oriental architecture, erected at a cost of $650,000, 
and rich in delicate detail-work, carvings, and color. The interior is 
dazzling in its brilliancy. 

Smaller Sects of every conceivable character have churches or 
meeting-places in various localities. Some of these are, — 

Catholic Apostolic, 128 West i6th Street. 

Christian Israelites, 108 ist Street. 

Reformed Episcopal, Madison Avenue and 55th Street. (Dr. Sabine.) 

New Jerusalem, 114 East 35th Street. (Mr. Seward.) 

Reformed Catholic, 79 West 83d Street. 

Moravian, 154 Lexington Avenue. 

Friends, 124 East 20th Street, 43 West 47th Street, and East I5tb 
Street, and Rutherford Place. 

Lutheran, 216 East 15th Street. 

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THEATRES. 

The theatres of New York are among the best in the world, and 
should be visited by every sojourner in the tents of Manhattan. Care 
should be taken about buying tickets from speculators outside, as in 
some of the theatres such tickets will not be accepted. 

The sidewalks on Union Square, near the Washington statue, are fre- 
quented by numbers of actors waiting for engagements, and has hence 
come to be known as " The Slave Market," and " The Rialto." 

Several of the leading theatres, including the Metropolitan Opera- 
House, the Casino, and the Standard, are on Broadway, within half a 
mile of the Grand Union Hotel. All the others are of easy and quick 
access from the hotel. 

Academy of MusiCy a long and plain brick building at the corner of 
14th Street and Irving Place, has been, since 1866, the home of Italian 
opera in New York, and latterly of the famous National Opera Com- 
pany. It cost $360,000, and has a magnificent interior, where some 
of the most notable balls and other entertainments have taken place. 
Nearly opposite is Irving Hall, also famous for fashionable balls 
and hops. The Academy has heard the impassioned songs of Lucca, 
Nilsson, Kellogg, Tietjens, Piccolomini, Gerster, Hauk, Brignoli, 
Campanini, Mario, and other famous singers. 

Bijou Opera-House, on Broadway, between 30th and 31st Streets, is 
the home of the comic opera. 

Casino, at Broadway and 39th Street, is a beautiful Moorish struc- 
ture, modelled after parts of the famous Alhambra. Here are 
produced comic operas, musical extravaganzas, and other light amuse- 
ments. On the roof is a pleasant and popular cq/e and summer-gar- 
den. 

Daly's, at Broadway and 31st Street, has an admirable stock com- 
pany, and renders modern and classic English comedies in a style of 
incomparable excellence. Augustin Daly is its manager. 



82 How to Know New York. 

Dockstader's, on Broadway, near 29th Street, is devoted to min- 
strels, sketches, and entertaining varieties. Take 42d-street horse- 
cars to Broadway, and thence go south on Broadway horse-cars. 

Fifth- Avenue Theatre, corner of Broadway and 28th Street, is a 
beautiful and successful " star " theatre, built for Augustin Daly, and 
now managed by John Stetson. 

Fourteenth-Street Theatre, on 14th Street, near Sixth Avenue, is a 
handsome gray building, with a classic portico. It has also been 
known as the Lyceum Theatre (when Fechter conducted it), and Hav- 
erly's. It has a very handsome and comfortable auditorium. 

Grand Opera-House, at Eighth Avenue and 23d Street, is an immense 
structure of white marble, for a long time run by James Fisk, jun. 
The prices here are much lower than at the other large theatres, and 
its great auditorium has witnessed many fine " star " performances. 

Harrigan's Park Theatre, at Broadway and 35th Street, is under 
Edward Harrigan's management, and furnishes capital novelties and 
comedies, in which the drolleries of the Hibernian character are deftly 
illustrated. 

Harry Miner's Theatres, one on Eighth Avenue, near 23d Street, and 
the other on the Bowery, near Broome Street, are devoted to varieties 
and other light performances. 

London Theatre, on the Bowery, between Rivington and Stanton 
Streets, produces varieties and popular shows. 

Lyceum Theatre is a beautiful new structure on Fourth Avenue, 
near 23d Street (next to the Academy of Design), built under the 
direction of Steele Mackaye, and richly decorated by Tiffany. Here 
one may see modern comedies and popular dramas of high excellence. 

Madison-Square Garden, at Fourth and Madison Avenues, and 26th 
and 27th Streets, has the largest auditorium in the city. Here occur 
pedestrian and pugilistic matches, circuses, Barnum's or Wild-West 
shows, exhibitions of flowers, dogs, etc. 

Madison-Square Theatre, on 24th Street, n«ar Broadway (adjoining 
the Fifth-avenue Hotel), is one of the best in America, with an admi- 
rable stock company, devoted to society dramas and comedies of 
modern life. It has a double, movable stage, so that succeeding 



How to Knozv New York. 83 

scenes can be presented without delay ; and the orchestra is seques- 
tered in a remote eyry above the curtain. 

Metropolitan Opera-House is the largest audience-room in" the 
world, and has 122 boxes (each with a spacious parlor attached), and 
seats for 6,000 persons. It is an enormous Renaissance building, of 
yellow brick, 200 by 260 feet, with broad foyers, 17 entrances, and a 
stage 96 by y6 feet, and 120 feet high. The structure is of brick and 
iron, and practically fireproof. It was opened in 1883, by Nilsson and 
Campanini, in " Faust." Here the great German and Italian operas 
are given in magnificent style, with every accessory of fine scenery 
and stage-effects. It fronts on Broadway, and extends from 3Sth to 
39th Streets. 

Mount-Morris Theatre is at 2398 Third Avenue, in Harlem. 

Niblo's Garden, at 580 Broadway, near Prince Street (alongside the 
Metropolitan Hotel), is a spacious and splendid theatre, with broad 
lobbies, and a handsome auditorium seating two thousand persons. It 
occupies the site of a summer-garden founded many years ago by 
William Niblo. Here may be seen ballets, spectacular pieces, and 
the best melodramas. 

Oriental Theatre, 113 Bowery, gives performances in Hebrew. 

People's Theatre is at 199 Bowery. 

Standard Theatre, at Broadway, Sixth Avenue, and 33d Street, is a 
large new theatre, devoted to modern society plays, comedies, etc. 

Star Theatre, at Broadway and 13th Street, has a large and brilliant 
auditorium, devoted to opera comique and "star " representations. It 
is the old Wallack's Theatre. 

Thalia Theatre, at 46 Bowery (corner of Canal Street), is devoted 
to plays in the German language, by a good stock company. It occu- 
pies the site of the famous old Bowery Theatre, opened in 1826, and 
notable for the triumphs of Forrest, Rice, Junius Brutus Booth, Char- 
lotte Cushman, and other great actors. 

Theatre Comique is on 125th Street, Harlem, near Third Avenue. 

Third-Avenue Theatre, on Third Avenue, between 30th and 31st 
Streets, exhibits popular dramas and plays, at low prices. It was 
built by McKee Rankio. 



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Tony Pastor's Theatre, on East 14th Street, between Tammany Hall 
and the Academy of Music, is sacred to variety shows, and is the best 
of its kind in the city. 

Union-Square Theatre, at 56 East 14th Street, near Broadway, is a 
handsome little house, always a favorite with theatre-goers, where the 
best "star " actors make their appearance. Take Third-avenue Ele- 
vated Railroad to 14th Street. 

Wallack's (Broadway and 30th Street) is one of the leading thea 
tres of the metropolis, with one of the best stock companies in the 
country, and a brilliant and comfortable auditorium. It presents 
choice modern dramas and comedies, in a style of great splendor. 
The manager is Lester Wallack, son of the founder of the famous old 
Wallack's Theatre. 

Public Halls. At Chickering Hall (Fifth Avenue and iSth Street), 
Steinway Hall (107 14th Street, near Irving Place), and other large 
and beautifully decorated halls, lectures and concerts and other fash- 
ionable public entertainments are given frequently. 

Eden Musee, on West 23d Street, near Fifth Avenue, is an attractive 
new building, containing wax portrait-figures of many famous men 
and women, in life-size, historical groups, a subterranean Chamber of 
Horrors, and other interesting curiosities. Almost all visitors to 
New York include this remarkably instructive and entertaining sight 
in their grand rounds. The entrance-fee is fifty cents; and the collec- 
tion is one of the very best and largest of the kind in the world, rival- 
ling the famous London wax-works of Madame Tussaud. 

Old London-Street Company has a quaint stone structure on Broad- 
way, near 8th Street, on the site of Dr. Osgood's church, and the 
theatres of Daly and Harrigan & Hart. It is entered by a low Gothic 
^■aX^, z. facsimile of St. Eskerwald's Gate; and inside is an ancient 
London street, with Sir Paul Pindar's lodge, the Gunpowder-plot 
house, a duplicate of Izaak Walton's Fleet-street home, the old 
Devil's Tavern (Shakspeare's and Ben Jonson's), the East-Indian 
House, the Tabard Inn, Wapping Old Stairs, St. Andrew Undershaft 
Church, the Queen's Head, the White-Hart Inn, Trinity Guildhall, 
and other celebrated old KlLsabethan buildings, with antique English 



86 How to Know Neiv York. 

fire-engines, stocks, " Ye Leadenhalle Presse," and many other curiosi- 
ties. Tradesmen in antique costumes are engaged carving wood, 
painting cliina, and working on brass, iron, silver, &tc. ; and the air is 
filled with old English melodies. 

Harry Hill's Concert-Hall, on Houston Street, is a famous resort for 
countrymen, where high-priced beer and horrible nmsic are served up 
in a cheaply adorned hall, with tobacco-smoking women of no doubt- 
ful character. At the present writing, this resort, together with many 
others of the same kind, has been closed up by the authorities. 

In the vicinity of Union and Madison Squares are several larger 
and finer concert-saloons, where the provincial visitor can get nothing 
good, and but little fun. 

Base Ball may be seen at the Polo Grounds, Eighth Avenue and 
155th Street. Reached by Sixth Avenue Elevated Railroad to 155th 
Street. 

Manhattan Athletic Club grounds. Eighth Avenue and 86th Street. 
Sixth-avenue Elevated Railroad to 8ist-street Station. 

Caledonian Club, foot of East 68th Street, at Jones's Wood. Second- 
avenue Elevated Railroad to 65th-street Station. 

New-York Athletic Club's grounds, Mott Haven, on Harlem Rail- 
road. 

Metropolitan Park, at First Avenue and io8th Street, is the scene of 
2xciting base-ball games. 

Broadway Theatre, ^t Broadway and 41st Street, is a very 
handsome new theatre, and is said to be fire-proof. It is devoted to 
light opera of the better class, and rivals the Casino in popularity. 
It is open all summer. 



How to Know New York. 87 



CLUBS, SOCIETIES, ETC. 

Union League Club house, at Fifth Avenue and West 39th Street, 
was built in 1879-80, at a cost of $400,000, with sumptuous halls, din- 
ing-room, art-gallery, library, billiard-room, cafe, etc., decorated by 
Louis Tiffany, John LaFarge, and Franklin Smith. The club has 
1,500 members. The entrance-fee is $300, and the annual dues $75. 
It was organized in 1863, as a union of gentlemen devoted to "abso- 
lute and unqualified loyalty to the Government of the United States 
... to resist and expose corruption, and promote reform in National, 
State, and municipal affairs ; and to elevate the idea of American 
citizenship." It raised and equipped several regiments for the Na- 
tional armies during the Secession war. This is the most elegant 
club-house in America. 

Union Club is a prominent social organization at Fifth Avenue and 
2ist Street. 

Authors' Club, at 19 West 24th Street, decorated by Francis Lathrop, 
is- the haunt of the leading men of letters in the great metropolis. 
Among its members are Curtis, Eggleston, Stedman, Stoddard, Bun- 
ner, Matthews, Boyesen, Godwin, Hay, and James. In the same build- 
ing is the hall of the New-York Fencing Club (see Century Maga- 
zine, January, 18S7). 

Grolier Club (64 Madison Avenue) contains 50 bibliophiles, and 
studies bookbinding, extending, fine printing, paper-making, etc., as 
arts. 

New-York Athletic Club, founded in 1868, is the leading society of 
the kind in America. It has a four-story building at Sixth Avenue 
and 55th Street, with bowling, billiards, swimming-tanks, gymnasium, 
cafe, parlors, reading-room, etc. The grounds and boat-houses are at 
Mott Haven. There are 2,000 members. 

Manhattan Athletic Club (524 Fifth Avenue) has a sumptuous double 
house of brown-stone for its home, with caf^, billiard, chess, and card 



88 Hoiv to Know New York, 

rooms, reading-room, and great wealth of statuary, paintings, velvet 
carpets, gymnasium, etc. Their athletic grounds and cinder-track are 
at Eighth Avenue and 86th and 87th Streets. The club was founded 
In 1877. 

Lotos Club, at Fifth Avenue and 21st Street, is a social organiza- 
tion, with monthly art-receptions in its handsome brown-stone build- 
ing. It includes many authors, artists, actors, etc. Admission, $200; 
annual dues, $50. There are 500 members. 

Century Association, at 109 East 15th Street, is for the advancement 
of literature and art, and has a fine library and picture-gallery. 600 
members. 

American Jockey Club, 22 West 27th Street. Race-course at Jerome 
Park. The chief racing association in America. 

Caledonian Club, handsome sandstone building at Greenwich 
Avenue and 13th Street (Jackson Square). Founded in 1856, as a 
social and athletic society for Scotchmen. 

Calumet Club, 3 West 30th Street. Young society-men. 

Canadian Club, 12 East 29th Street. Founded 1884. 

Coney-Island Jockey Club. Mile-track at Sheepshead Bay. 

Down-Town Club, 50 Pine Street. 500 members. 

Harmonie Club, in a handsome building at 45 West 42d Street. 360 
German members. Founded in 1852. 

The Lambs, 26th Street, near Sixth Avenue, largely composed of 
actors, with Lester Wallack as the Shepherd. 

Merchants' Club, 108 Leonard Street. Founded 1872. 200 mem- 
bers. 

New-York Press Club, 120 Nassau Street. 350 members. Founded 
1872. 

New-York Southern Society includes many eminent Southerners, 
now domiciled in New York. 

Racquet Club, Sixth Avenue and 26th Street. Two courts. 450 
members. 

Kit-Kat Club, at 23 East 14th Street, is composed of artists. 

Knickerbocker Club, at Fifth Avenue and 32d Street, is a very 
aristocratic society of 300 members. 



How to Know New York. 89 

Manhattan Club has a fine brown-stone building at Fifth Avenue 
and 15th Street. It was founded in 1S65, to advance Democratic 
principles. 

St. Nicholas Club, 413 Fifth Avenue, was founded in 1875, ^^ a social 
organization of descendants of the New- York families, prior to 1785. 
300 members. 

St. Nicholas Society, founded in 1835, for descendants of old New- 
Yorkers before 1785, has famous dinners, and includes the old aris- 
tocracy of the city. 

Sorosis is a woman's club, founded in 1868, and now with 350 
members. Meets twice a month at Delmonico's. 

University Club, Madison Avenue and 26th Street (old Union- 
League Club-house). Founded in 1865. -^^r former students at col- 
iege, West Point, or Annapolis. 

Tammany Society was founded in 1789, to inculcate love of America, 
with an aboriginal ritual, intended to conciliate the hostile Indians, 
and to antagonize the aristocratic Cincinnati. William Mooney was 
the first Grand Sachem. The members, in Indian costume, received 
the sachems of the Creeks from Carolina. 

Yacht-Clubs. — The Larchmont, New-York (57 Madison Avenue), 
American (574 Fifth Avenue), Seawanhaka (Tompkinsville), and At- 
Jantic (Bay Ridge), are the chief yacht-clubs of the city. 

Rowing-Clubs include the Atalanta, Nassau, Gramercy, Columbia- 
College, and New-York Athletic, which have their boat-houses along 
Harlem River, near Third Avenue. 

Bicycling-Clubs. — The New-York Bicycling Club, founded in 1879, 
has rooms in 59th Street, near the Park. The Citizens' Bicycit. 
Club is at 26 West 60th Street, where they have the best club-house 
for the purpose in America. Several smaller clubs are in existence. 
There are upwards of 1,200 bicycles in the city, and great numbers in 
Brooklyn and other adjacent municipalities. 

Ohio Society of New York, 236 Fifth Avenue. 

American Chemical Society, University Building. 

American Ethnological Society, 60 Wall Street. It dates from 1842, 
and Albert Gallatin was its first presideiit. 



JAMES EVERARD, 

Pure Canada Malt Lager Beer. 

Export a?id Bottling Departments, 

223, 225, and 227 East 20th St., 

NEW YORK CI1"Y. 

Old Stand of W. N. Seymour & Co. Established iSi6. 



WHITE, VAN GLAHN & CO., 

Wholesale and Retail 

HARDWARE, 

Ctitleo^ Tools, Etc., 
ICE HOUSE AND BUTCHERS' FIXTURES, 

15 and 16 Chatham Square, NEW YORK. 

Sole Agents in the U. S. for J. B. Addis & Sons' Genuine 
I London Carving Tools. 



How to Know New York, 91 

American Geographical Society owns a building at No. 11 West 29th 
Street. Founded in 1852. 1,500 fellows. Chief Justice Charles P. 
Daly is president. It has 20,000 volumes and 8,000 maps. 

American IVIetrological Society, East 49th Street. 

American l\l1icroscopical Society, 12 East 22d Street. Founded 1865. 

American Numismatic and Archceological Society, 45 University. 

American Pfii/oiogicaf Society, 36 Cooper Union. 

NewYorIc Genealogical and Biographical Society, 64 Madison Ave. 

New-York Horticultural Society, 26 West 28th Street. 

Masonic Temple (Sixth Avenue and 23d Street) is a massive and 
simple building of gray granite, erected at a cost of over $1,000,000. 
The ground-floor is devoted to business, the second floor to the 
Grand-Lodge Hall, the third and fourth to lodge and chapter rooms. 

Odd-Fellows' Hall, at Grand and Centre Streets, is a singular-look- 
ing and massive structure, built about the year i860, and containing 
many decorated lodge-rooms. There are about 100 lodges. 

Young Men's Christian Association, at Fourth Avenue and 23d 
Street, has a spacious and stately Renaissance building (erected in 
1869) of New-Jersey brown-stone, and yellow Ohio marble ; with 
library (35,000 volumes), gymnasium, lecture-rooms. It is open from 
8 A.M. to 10 P.M. (Sundays, 2 to 10), and strangers are made very wel- 
come. It aims to improve the spiritual, mental, and physical condi- 
tion of young men by evening classes, sociables, prayer-meetings, 
Bible-classes, music, entertainments, etc. There are seven branches. 

Young Women's Christian Association, in East 15th Street, near 
Fifth Avenue, is a handsome building of red brick and rock-faced 
Belleville stone, with a pyramidal roof of red Akron tiles, and abun- 
dant tiling, terra cotta, oaken wainscots, stained glass, etc. Inside 
are rich parlors, a large chapel, employment rooms, a large library 
(10,000 volumes), and free schools for type-writing, book-keeping, 
short-hand, dress-making, wall-paper designing, modelling, etc. 

The Association was founded in 1871, and has 180 members. 
R. H. Robertson erected the building in 1886, at a cost of $125,000, 
to which John Jacob Astor gave $30,000, and the three Vanderbilt 
daughters (Mrs. Sloane, Mrs. Shepard, and Mrs. Twombly) $45,500. 



92 How to Know New York, 



"FLATS," OR APARTMENT-HOUSES. 

Some of the largest and finest structures in the city are the apart- 
ment-houses, or " flats." Each apartment is complete in itself, con- 
taining all the rooms requisite for housekeeping. The rent of an 
apartment of the better class ranges from one to seven thousand 
dollars per year, according to size and location. The buildings are 
provided with elevators, hall-boys, electric lights, and in many cases 
are fire-proof. The expensive apartments are elegantly fitted up with 
hard-woods and inlaid floors, frescos, etc., and contain from seven to 
twenty-five rooms each. One of the differences between " Flats " and 
"Apartment-Houses " is that the former have kitchens, equipped for 
housekeeping ; while the latter have restaurants where the occupants 
get their meals. The following are among the largest : — 

Central-Park Apartment-Houses, on 59th Street, near Seventh Ave- 
nue, form the largest flat-hotel in the world, including several huge 
fireproof buildings, — the Madrid, Cordova, Granada, Lisbon, — com- 
prehended in one plan, and magnificent in all their appointments. 
The whole structure is best known as the " Navarro Flats," and is 
said to have cost upwards of seven million dollars. 

Dakota, at Eighth Avenue and yid Street, is another vast and 
costly structure, 155 feet high, and gorgeous in all its detaisl. It is 
called the finest in New York. The rent of an apartment runs as 
high as seven thousand dollars a year. It was built by Clark, of 
Singer Sewing-Machine fame. 

Osborne, at the corner of Seventh Avenue and 57th Street, is 11 
stories (171 feet) high, of rock-faced Connecticut brown-stone, fire- 
proof, with floors and roof of iron, brick, and concrete, all rooms fin- 
ished in mahogany or ash, electric lights, steam-heat. Tiffany stained 
glass, etc. The main entrance is said to be the finest in New York, 
with heavy oaken doors, rare marbles, mosaic, frescos, and stained 
glass, furnished by the LaFarge Decorative Art Company. 



How to Know New York, 93 



ISLANDS. 

Sfaten Island, at the mouth of the harbor, covers nearly 60 square 
aiiles, and has 40,000 inhabitants, two railroads, the Sailors' Snug 
Harbor (near New Brighton), the summer-resorts at St. George, and 
the great fortifications overlooking the Narrows. People call it " the 
American Isle of Wight," on account of the beauty of its scenery of 
hill and sea ; and many New- York merchants have their homes here. 
It was the Staaten Eylandt of the Dutch, and is a county of New 
York. Ferry-boats leave Whitehall every half-hour or so, for St. 
George. Fare, ten cents. It has along part of its length the Staten- 
Island Railroad, which is a connecting chain of many very attractive 
villages, where are to be seen hundreds of remarkably pretty homes. 
Here George William Curtis has lived many years. Here, too, lives 
Erastus Wiman, who of late years has been foremost in advancing the 
interests of Staten Island. 

David's Island, off New Rochelle, was made an army hospital in 
1861, and a depot for recruits in 1869. It is now a sort of school for 
company-cooks for the American army. 

Hart's Island, off Pelham Neck, is the site of city hospitals and 
workhouses, and of the Potter's Field, where over 2,000 pauper and 
unknown dead are buried every year. 

Ward's Island, near Hell Gate, has 200 acres, with fine old forests, 
and the State Emigrant Hospital, House of Refuge, Lunatic Hospital, 
Homoeopathic Hospital, Soldiers' Home, etc., a group of costly build- 
ings, attractively embowered in foliage, and looking out on wide lawns. 

Bedloe's Island, 2 miles from the Battery, covers 13^ acres, and has 
the obsolete works of Fort Wool, with a small garrison of artillerists, 
and the Bartholdi statue of Liberty. 

Ellis Island, i{ mile from the Battery, is used for a magazine, and 
contains the ancient bulwarks of Fort Gibson. 



94 How to Know New York. 

Randall's Island covers loo acres, where the Harlem River enters 
the East River, and has 2,500 inhabitants, mostly destitute children 
in the House of Refuge, Children's Hospital, Nursery, and other vast 
and handsome brick buildings, where they are instructed in work and 
study by the paternal city. 

Black well's Island, in the East River, covers 120 acres, and is occu- 
pied by vast and imposing prisons and asylums, built by the convicts 
from stone quarried on the island. At the south end is the Charity 
Hospital, with 1,200 beds and 24 skilful house-physicians. Next 
comes the great Penitentiary, where 1,200 unfortunate criminals are 
kept under guard. It has a battlemented roof and towers, and is built 
of granite and iron. More than half of the prisoners are foreigners. 
Farther north are the two great Almshouses, one for each sex, with 
high verandas and pleasant grounds. Farther up are the Workhouses, 
the City Lunatic-Asylum, and other cancer-spots of modern Manhat- 
tan. Visitors must get a pass at Third Avenue and nth Street, and 
go over on the ferry from East 26th Street. 

Governor's Island is a picturesque ornament of the inner harbor, 
about half a mile from the Batter}', towards Brooklyn. It is the 
headquarters of the Military Department of the Atlantic (Major-Gen. 
Schofield), and has forts galore, and parks of guns, magazines, bar- 
racks, and a beautiful parade-ground. At one end is the circular three- 
story stone fortress of Castle William, built in 181 1, and at one time 
a prison for a thousand Southern soldiers; and near the centre are 
the low and massive walls of the star-shaped Fort Columbus. There 
are grand old trees on the island, the museum of the United Service 
Institution (including Gen. Sheridan's famous Winchester horse, 
mementos of Washington, Hogarth's painting implements, and 
souvenh's of Indian, East-Indian, and Secession wars), and the Chapel 
of Cornelius the Centurion. Steamboats run hourly from the Battery. 



How to Know New York. 95 



COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS. 

A FEW years ago, if a man wished to become a hermit, he would 
take an office on the fourth or fifth story of a building. No one 
would ascend to such dizzy heights, save an occasional daring book- 
agent or advertising solicitor, who, when he got there, would be too 
short of breath to explain his mission, or offer more than the feeblest 
opposition to his ejectment. The introduction of the passenger ele- 
vator has revolutionized this, and led to the construction of immensely 
lofty buildings for business purposes. Now the greater the altitude, 
the more desirable the accommodation. An office upon the tenth or 
twelfth story of one of these buildings is light, cool, airy, and quiet, 
and as easy of access as if nearer the ground. 

Equitable Building on Broadwa}', between Cedar and Pine Streets, 
was finished in 1887, and is a mountainous pile of Quincy granite, 
solid and fireproof as a rock, and with four imposing fa9ades, 
abounding in pillars and carvings. The high-arched Broadway en- 
trance, 22 feet wide, leads to the finest court-yard in America, 100 by 
44 feet in area, with a tessellated pavement, from which rise lines of 
rose-colored marble colunms with onyx capitals, upholding an entab- 
lature of polished red granite, above which is a finely arched roof of 
stained glass and polished marble. The building fronts for 167I feet 
on Broadway, and cost ^8,000,000. 

Mutual Life-Insurance Building is 165 feet high, fireproof, rich in 
marble, wrought-iron work, mahogany, Whittier elevators, and other 
modern architectural luxuries, and costing not far from $2,000,000. 

Washington Building, on Broadway, Battery Place, and Greenwich 
Street, belongs to the great financier, Cyrus W. Field. It is twelve 
stories high, and the great observatory-tower reaches an altitude of 
235 feet from the pavement. The top of the flag-staff is higher than 
Trinity spire or the Liberty statue. The view from the tower b the 
finest in the city, — one of the finest in the world. 



96 How to Know New York. 

Mills Building, on Broad Street, is a vast structure, forming three 
sides of a court-yard. It cost ^2,700,000. 

United Bank Building, at Broadway and Wall Street, the "Fort 
Sherman" of the financiers, contains the offices once occupied by 
Gen. Grant. Here Ferdinand Ward concocted his vast and historic 
swindles. Roscoe Conkling's office is on one of the upper floors. 

Standard Oil Company' s Building, on Broadway, is the largest marble 
structure in New York. Here is the office of William Rockafeller. 

D rex el Building, at Broad and Wall Streets, is of white marble, in 
Renaissance architecture, and cost $700,000. 

Aldrich Court, on Broadway, opposite Exchange Place, is another 
lofty palace of trade. It was finished in 1887, and contains 300 offices, 
lighted at night by 2,600 Edison incandescent lights, and reached by 
four Otis elevators. It is built around a court-yard, 50 by 70 feet. 

Manhattan Bank Building, on Wall Street, near Broad Street, is of 
polished gray granite, and is one of the finest structures in the city. 
It was finished in 1885, and is occupied by banks, lawyers, etc. 

Trinity Building, on one of the Broadway sides of Trinity Church- 
yard, is a vast hive of lawyers, real-estate dealers, etc. 

Boreel Building is an immense brick structure, filled with offices, 
largely of famous and powerful insurance companies. 

Western Union Telegraph Building, at Dey Street and Broadway, is 
of brick, granite, and marble, eight stories high, with a tall tower. 

Temple Court is a huge building 160 feet high, erected at a cost of 
$1,200,000, and belonging to Eugene Kelly. This is one of an amaz- 
ing group of buildings at the corner of Nassau and Beekman Streets. 

Potter Building, on the opposite corner, with fronts on Printing- 
house Square, Nassau and Beekman Streets, is of iron and brick, 
185 feet high, and cost $2,500,000. 

Morse Building, Nassau and Beekman Streets, ten stories (165 
feet) high, is of red and black brick, and belongs to the son and 
nephew of Professor S. F. B. Morse. It is fireproof and massive. 

Stewart Building, at Broadway and Chambers Street, of white 
marble, occupies the site of the ancient negro burying-ground, and 
afterward of Washington Hall. It was erected for A. T. Stewart. 



How to Know New York, 97 



HOSPITALS, DISPENSARIES, HOMES, Etc. 

All over the city, there are hospitals and dispensaries, where the 
sick and ailing are treated and cared for. If the patient is poor, no 
charge is made : if able, he is expected to pay a moderate sum. The 
list is so great that we shall mention but a few, and then must refer 
the reader interested in such matters to the list in the City Directory. 
New York is peculiarly blessed in this most noble form of charity ; 
and any one who is sick or ailing, however poor, will be cared for at 
one of these institutions. Even the dumb animals are provided for : 
there are two hospitals in the city where poor people may have their 
domestic animals doctored free, and where there are accommoda- 
tions for sick horses and dogs. 

In many of the hospitals, for 55^5,000 the donor and his successors 
have the privilege of nominating the occupant of a bed for all time. 
Frequently a bed is thus endowed in memory of some dead friend or 
relative, whose name it bears. Such a monument is more beautiful 
and enduring than any work of the sculptor's chisel. 

There are also a great number of benevolent societies for the care 
of the blind, deaf and dumb, insane, aged, orphaned, indigent poor 
and friendless, of every sort and description. Many millions are an- 
nually spent on these charities. 

Bloomingdale Asylum for the Insane, at Boulevard and 117th Street, 
©n Washington Heights, is a palatial brown-stone building, erected 
mainly in 1821, amid charming grounds of 45 acres. Only paying 
patients are received. 

Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, at Fanwood (i62d Street), Wash- 
ington Heights, is richly endowed, and has 37 acres of grounds. It 
was founded in 1816, and educates 250 pupils, the course being 8 
years. Open daily, 1.30 to 4 p.m. 

Institution for the Blind, at Ninth Avenue and West 34th Street, 
has a granite Gothic building. It was founded in 1831. Blind chil* 



F. 




1325 Broadway, 

bet. 34th & 35th Sts 
west side, 

I New York. 



MANUFACTURER OF 



Mm, TentM Flags. 

A new style of Ventilated Awning. 

Imported and Doi rustic Canvas and Bunting for sale. 

Political Bahkers, Transparencies, Etc. 

CANOPIES, 

Dancing Crash, Camp Chairs, and Vienna Bent Wood Dining Chairs. Round, Exten- 
sion, and Folding Tables to let. 

PORTABLE HAT RACKS. 




4S- INVITATIONS DELIVERED. 

Telephone Call, 890 39th. 



Men to call Carriages, in Livery, 
The Trade Supplied. 



OAKLEY & KEATING, 

40 Cortlandt Street, 
NEW YORK. 

LAUNDRY ENGINEERS, 

and Manufacturers of 

Laundry Machinery. 

Hotel and Institution Work 
a specialty. 

Refer to Mr. W. D. GARRISON, Grand 
L^nion Hotel. 

SEND FOR CATALOGUE. 




How to Knozv New York. 99 

dren are educated here, in letters and useful arts. Open to visitors, 
I to 6 P.M. daily. 

New-York Hospital (15th Street, near Fifth Avenue) is a great, 
many-balconied, brick building, with ornamental Gothic gables. The 
institution was founded by the Earl of Dunmore, in 177 1 ; and its 
ancient seat, between Duane and Church Streets and Broadway, was 
vacated in 1870, the present building being opened in 1877. Ward 
patients pay $1 a day. 

St Luke's Hospital, at Fifth Avenue and 54th Street, was founded 
in 1850 by the Rev. W. A. Muhlenberg, and has an oblong parallelo- 
gram of buildings, with wings, and a central chapel flanked with 
towers. It is attended by Episcopal nuns, and the form of worship is 
Episcopalian ; but patients are received without regard to sect. 

Orphan Asylum, at Riverside Park, was founded about 1807, in a 
small hired house below City-hall Park. Its property is now worth 
$1,000,000, and 200 orphans are in its charge. 

Mount Sinai Hospital, at Lexington Avenue and East 66th Street, 
is a noble Elizabethan pile of brick and marble, admirably equipped, 
with nearly 200 free beds. It cost $340,000, and was erected by Jewish 
New-Yorkers, but is non-sectarian. 

Presbyterian Hospital, at Madison Avenue and East 70th Street, 
founded by James Lenox, who also established the magnificent Lenox 
Library, is a handsome Gothic building, dating from 1872. 

Cancer Hospital, The New York (there is but one other in the world), 
is on Eighth Avenue, near 105th Street. It was founded in 1884, with 
an endowment of $200,000 from John Jacob Astor, $50,000 from Mrs. 
Gen. Cullom, and $25,000 each from Mrs. Astor, Mrs. R. L. Stuart, and 
Mrs. C. H. Rogers. 

Old Ladies' Home, of the Baptist Church, on 68th Street, near 
Fourth Avenue, is a spacious semi-Gothic building in the form of the 
letter H. 

Roosevelt Hospital, at Ninth Avenue and 59th Street, richly en- 
dowed by the late James H. Roosevelt, is an admirably arranged and 
spacious pavilion hospital, opened in 187 1, and accommodating 180 
patients. 



lOO How to Know Nezv York. 

Among the other beneficent institutions of New York are,— 

Actors' Fund, 12 Union Square. 

American Dramatic-Fund, 1267 Broadway. 

American Veterinary Hospital, 141 West 54th Street. 

Artists' Fund Society, 6 Astor Place. 

Association for Befriending Children and Young Girls, 136 Second 
Avenue. Catholic, for 200 vagrants. 

Association for the Improved Instruction of Deaf-Mutes, Lexing- 
ton Avenue and 67th Street. 

Association for the Relief of Respectable Aged Indigent Females, 
Tenth Avenue and 104th Street. Founded 1814. 

Asylum for Lying-in Women, 139 Second Avenue. Founded 
1823. 

Asylum of St. Vincent de Paul, 215 Weft 39th Street. For 150 
orphans. 

Baptist Home for Aged Persons, Fourth Avenue and 68th Street. 

Bethany Institute for Woman's Christian Work, 69 Second Avenue. 

Bible and Fruit Mission, East 26th Street. 

Bread and Beef House, 139 West 48th Street. 

Catholic Protectory, at Fordham. 

Chambers-Street Hospital, 160 Chambers Street. 

Chapin Home for the Aged and Infirm, 151 East 66th Street. 

Charity Organization Society, 21 University Place. 

Children's Aid Society, 24 St. Mark's Place. 

City Mission Society, 306 Mulberry Street. 

Colored Home and Hospital, First Avenue and 65th Street. 

Colored Orphan Asylum, Tenth Avenue and 143d Street. 300 
beneficiaries. Founded 1837. 

Day Nursery and Babies' Shelter, 143 West 20th Street. 

Emergency Hospital, 223 East 26th Street. 

Female Assistance Society, 288 Madison Avenue. 

Five-Points House of Industry, 155 Worth Street. 

Five-Points Mission, 61 Park Street. 

Foundling Asylum, 68th Street, near Third Avenue. 

Free Home for Destitute Young Girls, 47 West nth Street. 



How to Know New York. lOi 

Friends' Employment Society, Rutherford Place. 

Grace Memorial House, 94 Fourth Avenue. 

Hahnemann Homoeopathic Hospital, Fourth Avenue, near East 
67th Street. 

Harlem Hospital, 27 West 124th Street. 

Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum Society, Tenth Avenue 
and West 136th Street. 

Home for Aged Hebrews, 105th Street, near Tenth Avenue. 

Home for Aged Men and Women, io6th Street, near Ninth Avenue. 

Home for Colored Aged, foot of East 65th Street. 

Home for Convalescent, 433 East iiSth Street. 

Home for Deaf-Mutes, 220 East 13th Street. 

Home for Fallen and Friendless Girls, 49 West 4th Street. 

Home for Incurables, 54 West nth Street. 

Home for Inebriates, Madison Avenue and 86th Street. 

Home for Mothers and Infants, Tenth Avenue and West 6ist 
Street. 

Home for Old Men and Aged Couples, 487 Hudson Street. 

Home for Sailors, 190 Cherry Street. 

Home for the Aged Poor, 231 West 38th Street, and 179 East 70th 
Street. 

Home for the Friendless, 32 East 30th Street. 

Home for Women, 273 Water Street, 260 Greene Street. 

Home of Industry for Reformed Men, 40 East Houston Street. 

Hospital New-York College of Veterinary Surgeons, East fSth 
Street, near Fifth Avenue. 

Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled, Lexington Avenue and 42d 
Street. 

House of Industry, 120 West i6th Street. 

House of Mercy, West 86th Street. 

House of Rest for Consumptives, at Fordham. 

House of the Good Shepherd, East 89th Street. 

Howard Mission, 56 Rivington Street. 

Infant Asylum, Tenth Avenue and East 6ist Street. 

Institution for the Blind, Ninth Avenue and 34th Street 



102 How to Know New York. 

Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, Tenth Avenue and i62d Street 

Institution of Mercy, 33 East Houston Street. 

Juvenile Asylum, Tenth Avenue and 176th Street. 

Ladies' Helping Hand Association, 160 West 29th Street. 

Leake and Watts Orphan House, Ninth Avenue and iiith Street. 

Magdalen Asylum, 88th Street, near Fifth Avenue. 

Manhattan Eye and Ear Hospital, 103 Park Avenue. 

Masonic Board of Relief, Masonic Temple. 

Medical Mission, 81 Roosevelt Street. 

Methodist-Episcopal Home, 255 West 42d Street. For aged and 
infirm. 

Metropolitan Throat Hospital, 351 West 34th Street. 

Midnight Mission, 260 Greene Street. For fallen women. 

New-York Eye and Ear Infirmary, Second Avenue and 13th Street. 

New-York Infirmary for Women and Children, 5 Livingston Place. 

New-York Ophthalmic Hospital, 201 East 23d Street. 

Nursery and Child's Hospital, Lexington Avenue and 51st Street. 

Olivet Helping Hand, 63 2d Street. 

Orphan Asylum (Catholic), Fifth Avenue and Madison Avenue, 
between 51st and 52d Streets. 1,200 children. 

Orphan's Home (Episcopal), 49th Street, near Lexington Avenue. 

Peabody Home for Aged Women, West Farms. 

Presbyterian Home for Aged Women, 73d Street, near Madison 
Avenue. 

St. Barnabas Home, 304 Mulberry Street. 

St. Elizabeth Hospital, 225 West 31st Street. 

St. Francis Hospital, 605 5th Street. 

St. John's Guild, 8 University Place. 

St. Joseph's Orphan Asylum, Avenue A and 89th Street. 

State Charities Aid Association, 21 University Place. 

Trinity Hospital, 50 Varick Street. 

Women's Christian Temperance Home, 440 East 57th Street. 

Women's Hospital, Fourth Avenue and 49th Street. 

Young Women's Home, 27 Washington Square. 



How to Knozv New York. 103 



A STROLL UP FIFTH AVENUE. 

Fifth Avenue is the Belgravia of the American metropolis, 
the centre of its fashion and splendor, the home of its merchant- 
princes. It is at its best on a pleasant Sunday, at the time when 
the churches are out ; or on a bright afternoon, when its long lines 
of carriages are rumbling away towards the Park. The scene of 
beauty and animation then presented is unequalled in America (or 
in Europe or Asia, for that matter) ; and in the perfect costumes of 
the promenaders, the dignity of the equipages, the variety and beauty 
of the domestic and ecclesiastical architecture, affords numberless 
objects of interest for the amazed and delighted provincial phi- 
losopher. 

Here, on every side, are gorgeous club-houses, churches notable for 
their beauty, and a domestic architecture of rare variety and comfort, 
with picture-galleries, and rich porticos, and long vistas of Connecti- 
cut brown-stone palaces, the homes of incalculable wealth and splen- 
dor. From its beginning in Washington Square, the avenue traverses 
miles of a palatial residence-quarter, until it reaches Central Park, 
and passes on, a league beyond, into the suburban life of Harlem. 

In taking a stroll up Fifth Avenue, of about a league, one should 
be accompanied by a herald king-at-arms, a mercantile register, an 
ilite directory, and a wise old club-man with his stores of personal 
and family gossip. In default of these, we have strung together here 
a few items of interest, which may interest the passing tourist. 

The black omnibuses of the Fifth-avenue Transportation Company, 
limited, run at frequent intervals from Bleecker Street up South Fifth 
Avenue, across Washington Square, and along the avenue to 72d 
Street (fare, 5 cents). 

Washington Square, where Fifth Avenue begins, is a park of nine 
acres, occupying the mournful site of the old Potter's Field, wherein 
more than 100,000 human bodies were buried. On its east side is the 



I04 How to Know New York. 

white-stone Gothic building of the University of the City of New York, 
with 800 students and 64 instructors. It is described by Theodore 
Winthrop in his brilliant novel of "Cecil Dreeme." On and near the 
square dwell Charles DeKay, the poet; the famous saltatory Kiralfy 
family ; Augustus St. Gaudens, the sculptor ; the De Navarro fami- 
lies, Walter Shirlaw; Gaston L. Feuardent, the antiquary; and other 
notable persons. 

At N©. I, the first house on the right, as the avenue leaves Wash- 
ington Square, lives William Butler Duncan ; and on the other side, 
at 6 and 8, are the Lispenard Stewarts, and John Taylor Johnston, the 
famous art-connoisseur. Beyond Clinton Place is the aristocratic 
Brevoort House, a favorite with English tourists and me-luds ; and 
opposite is the Berkeley, where Theodore Thomas and many others 
dwell. Beyond 9th Street, at No. 23, lives Gen. Daniel E. Sickles. 
At loth Street is the brown-stone Church of the Ascension (Episco- 
pal), with the Grosvenor opposite. The First Presbyterian Church 
comes next, with the Minturn and Talbot mansions beyond. At 14th 
Street we see the busy precincts of Union Square, to the right, and 
traverse a region of brilliant shops. On the left-hand corner of 15th 
Street is the great and finely appointed brown-stone building of the 
Manhattan Club, the favorite resort of the patricians of the Demo- 
cratic party, called by their round-headed fellow-partisans "the swal- 
low-tails." It has 1,000 members ; and the entrance-fee is $100, with 
$70 yearly dues. Near by, at 109 East 15th Street, is the house of the 
famous Century Association, a literary, artistic, and aesthetic club, 
with 600 members, a large library, and a picture-gallery. 

In this same neighborhood, on West 15th Street, are the spacious 
buildings of the College of St. Francis Xavier, with nearly 500 stu- 
dents, in charge of the Jesuit Fathers, and a library of 20,000 volumes. 
On West i6th Street is the tall New- York Hospital, chartered by 
King George III. in 1771. 

At the farther right corner of i6th Street is the mansion of Levi P. 
Morton (No. 85), and Col. Robert G. Ingersoll lives at No. 89. At 
No. 103 is the home of Edwards Pierrepont, long time Minister to 
England. At No. 118 live the New- York Winthrops. At i8th Street 



How to Know New York, 105 

is the rich and ornate Checkering Hall, devoted to musical entertain- 
ments ; and opposite, at No. 109, is August Belmont's estate, where 
also dwells the Hon. Perry Belmont, a well-known Congressman. On 
the opposite corner, at No. 107, is the mansion of Mrs. Marshall O. 
Roberts, one of the grand dames of New- York society. On the 21st- 
street corner is the great brown-stone building of the patrician Union 
Club, founded in 1836, and with over i,ooo members. The entrance- 
fee is i^300, and yearly dues $75. Clarence A. Seward, the gifted son 
of William H. Seward, lives at No. 143. At No. 147 (corner of East 
2ist Street) is the Lotos Club's comfortable brown-stone building, 
with 500 members, where famous monthly art-receptions and ladies* 
days are held. Here dwells the veteran world-traveller. Col. Thomas 
^ . Knox. Next door is the Glenham Hotel. In this vicinity stands 
the South Reformed Church (corner of West 21st Street), and the 
Cumberland is between East 22d and East 23d Streets. Now the 
avenue cuts obliquely across Broadway, with the brilliant vistas of 
Madison Square on the right, passing the enormous white-marble 
Fifth-ivenue Hotel, the home of Gen. W. T. Sherman, Ex-Senator 
Piatt, William J. Florence, and other notable persons. On the next 
block is the Hoffman House, famous for its interior decorations and 
magnificent bar-room. At 25th Street is the fashionable New-York 
Club, facing the Worth Monument. At the corner of West 26th 
Street is Delmonico's famous restaurant, with the Hotel Brunswick 
opposite. 

At West 27th Street is the immense and lofty Victoria Hotel, tow- 
ering high above the surrounding buildings. At Fifth Avenue and 
28th Street (No. 247) was the home of the late Professor E. L. You- 
mans, editor of the " Popular Science Monthly," and author of many 
famous scientific books. No. 244 is the home of the famous Mrs. 
Paran Stevens, and at No. 9 West 29th Street lives Ex-Senator Roscoe 
Conkling, one of the great legal luminaries and orators of New York. 

On the next block is the great and costly Knickerbocker. The 
great double house, No. 259, is Mrs. Josephine May's, and belonged 
to her father, the late George Law, millionnaire and financier. At No. 
261 (corner of East 29th Street) dwells Gen. George W. Cullom, 



io6 How to Know New York. 

beyond the Hamersley mansions. At West 29th Street appears the 
white granite temple of the Fifth-avenue Reformed Church ; and a 
little way to the right (on 29th Street) is the picturesque Church of 
the Transfiguration (Episcopal), generally and affectionately known 
as " The Little Church around the Corner," wherefrom many actors 
have been buried. The bit of green lawn, overarching trees, and 
mantling of ivy, make this a charming oasis in the surrounding desert 
of brick and stone. It is regarded with peculiar affection by many 
persons, who consider the average church as quite alien to their lives 
and tastes. 

The towering Gilsey House rises to the left, on West 30th Street. 
At No, 319 (corner of East 32d Street) stands the new house of the 
exclusive Knickerbocker Club, which includes many well-known dev- 
otees of coaching and polo. Its entrance-fee is $300, annual dues 
^100. Between West 32d and West 33d Streets (Nos. 338 and 350) 
are the huge brick mansions of the hundred-millionnaire brothers, — 
John Jacob Astor and William Astor, — with a high-walled garden 
between. On the next corner, at No. 374, is the town-house of Mrs. 
J. Coleman Drayton, one of the Astor daughters. At the corner of 
West 34th Street is the great Italian palace of white marble, erected 
at a cost of ^2,000,000 by the late A. T. Stewart, a Belfast lad, who 
came to America in 1818, and began life in New York as an assistant 
teacher, then opened a small shop for trimmings, and in time became 
the most successful merchant in the world, so that when he died (in 
1876), he left $40,000,000. Mrs. Stewart lived here until her death, 
in 1886. Alongside the Stewart place, the only other house on the 
block, is the great old Astor mansion, which, after a strangely 
checkered career, has just been leased by the New- York Club, to be 
dedicated to their joyous uses. 

Between West 35th Street and West 36th Streets live the Ker- 
nochans (No. 384), and Gen. Daniel Butterfield (No. 386); and at 
No. 389 (between East 36th and 37th Streets) is Pierre Lorillard's 
home. The fashionable Christ Church (Episcopal), famous for its 
fine music and beautiful frescos, is on the corner of West 35th 
Street; and the Brick Church (Presbyterian) rises at the corner of 



How to Know New York. 107 

West 37th Street. At the old home of Gov. E. D. Morgan, No. 
415 (between East 37th and 38th Streets), is the St. Nicholas Club, 
composed exclusively of gentlemen of the oldest Knickerbocker 
families, — the Remsens, De Peysters, Rhinelanders, Roosevelts, etc. 
At No. 425 (beyond East 38th Street) is the home of Austin Corbin, 
the railway king ; at No. 429 that of Henry Bergh, the friend of suf- 
fering animals ; at No. 459 (beyond East 39th Street) that of Freder- 
ick W. Vanderbilt. 

The lofty and quaint Union League Club-house is at the corner of 
Fifth Avenue and East 39th Street, with its conspicuous gables and 
huge roof. From West 40th to 42d Street extends the Distributing 
Reservoir of the Croton Water-Works, crowning the summit of 
Murray Hill, 115 feet above tide-water, covering 4 acres, and holding 
23,000,000 gallons of water. It is a massive structure in Egyptian 
architecture, 44 feet high, and 420 feet square. Back of it is the 
pleasant Bryant Park, on which the famous Crystal Palace stood, 
thirty years or more ago. Opposite, on Fifth Avenue, are the tall 
art-furniture buildings of Pottier & Stymus, the massive American 
Safe-Deposit building, and a few quaint dwellings, the remnants of 
the old-time block of yellow Gothic houses (one of them still occupied 
by Mrs. Lucian B. Chase), in part of which was the famous Rutgers 
Female College. Next the avenue crosses 42d Street, vt'hich runs to 
the left to the Weehawken Ferry, and to the right to the Grand Cen- 
tral Depot, and the Grand Union Hotel, our comfortable headquarters 
in New York. 

On the left corner of Fifth Avenue and 42d Street is the lofty stone 
Hotel -Bristol, with Russell Sage's house next door (No. 406), and 
opposite is the Hamilton. At the corner of East 43d Street is the 
Temple Emanu-El, the great H[ebrew synagogue, perhaps the richest 
piece of Saracenic architecture in America, with its minaret-like tow- 
ers, delicate carvings. Oriental arches, and a dazzlingly brilliant inte- 
rior. In the next block is the Sherwood, the home of Jesse Seligman, 
the banker, the Rev. G. H. Hepworth, and other well-known persons. 
Opposite, at 524, is the headquarters of the Manhattan Athletic Club, 
with its luxurious roomS; and finely equipped gymnasium. At No. 



I08 How to Know New York. 

532 is Manton Marble's house, and No. 549 is Thomas T. Eckert's 
home. The Universalist Church of the Divine Paternity, so long min- 
istered to by Dr. Chapin, stands at the corner of West 45th Street. A 
little way to the right, on East 45th Street, are the homes of the famous 
broker, Washington E. Conner (No. 14), and of the eloquent Chauncy 
M. Depew, president of the New-York Central Railroad (No. 22), 
and one of the best after-dinner speakers in America. At No. 2 East 
46th Street is the mansion of Seligman, the well-known financier. 
Nearly opposite the Universalist Church is the narrow and richly 
carved fagade of the Episcopal Church of the Heavenly Rest, whose 
interior is rich in polished granite pillars, with quaintly carved capi- 
tals, frescos after Fra Angelico, and other beautiful adornments. 
The great Windsor Hotel extends from East 46th to East 47th Street, 
and is the home of Andrew Carnegie, and many other noted men. 
Opposite, at No. 562, dwells Joseph W. Harper, jun., of the famous 
publishing-house ; and at No. 574 are the rooms of the American 
Yacht Club, famous for its navy of costly steam-yachts. On the cor- 
ner beyond the Windsor, at No. 579, in a large brown-stone house, 
with lanterns in front, lives Jay Gould, the Napoleon of finance ; and 
at the other end of the block, with carved stone griffins in front, is the 
home of Robert Goelet. The Goelet estate is above $20,000,000. At 
No. 50 West 47th Street lives Joseph H. Choate, lawyer and orator, 
and one of the greatest after-dinner speakers of this age. At West 
48th Street is the ornate and high-spired Collegiate Dutch Church, 
with its flying buttresses, carved portals, and general richness of de- 
tail ; and the second house beyond (No. 608) pertains to Ogden Goelet. 
At the corner of East 48th Street (No. 597) is the home of Roswell 
P. Flower, eminent in latter-day politics. The next block, from East 
49th to 50th Street, is taken up largely by the great Buckingham 
Hotel, a quiet and expensive family hotel; and at No. 615 lives Ed- 
ward S. Jaffray, the dry-goods merchant. Opposite, at No. 624, is the 
house of the late John Roach, the great ship-builder. 

At the corner of 50th Street rises the vast Cathedral of St. Patrick, 
described in the chapter on Churches. 

At No. 634, opposite the Cathedral, is the home of D. O. Mills, 



How to Knozv New York. 109 

ex-senator from California, and father-in-law of Whitelaw Reid, of 
the " Tribune." Back of the Cathedral is the Florentine palace built 
by Henry Villard, alongside of Columbia College. Beyond the Ca- 
thedral, on Fifth Avenue, is the Roman-Catholic Orphan Asylum for 
Boys, on high ground, with the Asylum for Orphan Girls behind it. 
Between West 51st and 52d Streets are the magnificent brown-stone 
palaces of the Vanderbilt family, enriched by broad bands of carved 
foliage, and superbly furnished and decorated inside. No. 640 is the 
home of Mrs. William H. Vanderbilt, and No. 642 is the home of her 
daughter, Mrs. William D. Sloane. 

Across West 52d Street rises the handsome white-stone French 
chdteau of William K. Vanderbilt, rich in carvings and oriel-windows- 
The author of "Recent Architecture in America" calls this "the 
most beautiful house in New York." 

Ne.xt comes the beautiful and fashionable Episcopal Church of 
St. Thomas, famous for society weddings. It is a brown-stone Gothic 
structure, with a melodious chime of bells, and famous altar-paintings 
by LaFarge. Among its clergy have been Bishops Upfold and White- 
house, and the Rev. Dr. F. L. Hawks. Just beyond, on the same 
square, are the picturesque connected mansions of Dr. W. S. Webb 
and Hamilton McK. Twombly, who married daughters of William H. 
Vanderbilt. Between East 52d and 53d Streets is the Langham. 
Between West 54th and 55th Streets are the spacious buildings and 
grcTunds of St. Luke's Hospital (open to visitors from 10 to 12, Tues- 
days, Thursdays, and Saturdays), where Episcopal Sisters of the 
Holy Communion attend the sick, without regard to their sect or 
nation. 

In this vicinity dwell several of the Standard-Oil Company mag- 
nates, — Henry M. Flagler at No. 685, William Rockefeller at No. 
6S9, etc. 

At West 55th Street is the great Presbyterian Church under Dr. 
John Hall's ministration, the largest church of that sect in the world, 
with a spire that is a landmark for a great distance. No. 724, just 
beyond West 56th Street, is the home of R. Fulton Cutting, — a very 
handsome piece of domestic architecture. At the lower corner of 



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How to Know New York. Ill 

West 57th Street is the handsome house built and some time occu- 
pied by the famous Mrs. Frederick W. Stevens, the immensely 
wealthy heiress of Josiah Sampson, who deserted her husband after 
twenty years of married life, and in 1886 married the Marquis de 
Talleyrand-Perigord, in Paris. The house now belongs to Secretary- 
of-the-Navy Whitney. On the other corner of West 57th Street is 
the superb mansion of Cornelius Vanderbilt. 

A little way beyond is the beginning of Central Park, which forms 
one side of the avenue for over two miles and a half. The other side 
is being built up with noble mansions, and will at some future time be 
the most beautiful place of homes in America. At No. 810, corner 
of East 62d Street, is the town-house of William Belden, a many- 
millionnaire, who defeated Jay Gould in the famous Black-Friday finan- 
cial battle. Opposite East 64th Street is the old Arsenal and 
Menagerie. Between East 66th and 67th Streets is the group of 
houses in which dwell the Soto family (No. 854), and Mrs. de Barrios 
(No. 855), the widow of the famous Central-American statesman, 
killed in battle a few years ago. No. 3 East 66th Street was the home 
of the late Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, and his family still dwell there. 
At No. 871 is the mansion of Mrs. Robert L. Stuart. The splendid 
Lenox Library extends from East 70th Street to 71st Street. 

A little way to the right looms up the lofty, quaint, and picturesque 
gray house of Charles L. Tiffany, designed by McKim, Mead, and 
White, with its mediaeval portcullis, red-marble Moorish stairway, 
teak-wood doors, blue-and-pearl dining-room, etc. Here also dwells 
the famous railway king, Henry Villard. The upper floor, under the 
great, dusky tiled roof, is a vast studio. This house is described in 
the " Century Magazine " for February, 1886. 



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How to Kiioiv New York. iij 



NEW YORK IN SUMMER. 

EXCURSIONS AND ISLAND RESORTS. 

Hot nights in New York are rare. At du.sk, on the warmest 
days of summer, a sea-breeze springs up, which maAes the nights 
cool and delightful. No other city offers such an endlesy variety ot 
excursions on river, harbor, bay, and ocean. Completely sunosRdeti 
by water, at the mouth of the magnificent Hudson, and hard by th& 
broad Atlantic, New York offers countless attractions to those in 
search of rest, recreation, and health. Every day, for weeks, some 
new excursion on the water may be taken, leaving the city in the 
morning, and returning in the cool of the evening. The city hotels 
are not full in summer; and travellers can be made more comfort- 
able than in crowded seaside resorts, and at much less cost. 

Space will permit us to mention only a few of the excursions. 

The Hudson River. — First and foremost among the pleasure excur- 
sions is a trip on the Hudson. The swift and splendid steamers of 
the Hudson-river Day Line leave the foot of West 22d Street every 
morning except Sunday during the season at 9 o'clock, arriving at 
Albany at 6.10 P.M. The best way to reach the pier from the Grand 
Union Hotel, is to take the Fourth-avenue cars, which pass the door, 
to 23d Street, and the 23d-street cars across to the North River. On 
leaving the pier, a fine view of New-York City and harbor is obtained ; 
v/hile on the opposite shore are Jersey City and Hoboken, and Wee- 
hawken, where Alexander Hamilton was killed in a duel with Aaron 
Burr. On the east bank may soon be seen the tomb of Gen. 
Grant. At Fort Washington and Fort Lee (ten miles up) begins the 
historic part of the river, for a description of which we muse refer the 
reader to some more assuming work. " The Hudson by Daylight," 
an excellent descriptive guide of the river, for sale on th. boats, is 
recommended. The " Panoramic View of the Hudson " is also worth 
purchasing. 



114 How to Know New York. 

The Palisades on the west bank begin here, and extend up the river 
for fifteen or twenty miles. They are bare, precipitous walls of rock, 
which rise abruptly from the river to a height of 250 to 600 feet. 
Passing Yonkers on the right, we see " Greystone," the residence of 
the late Samuel J. Tilden. From here to and beyond Tarrytown, the 
east bank is lined with palatial residences. At Irvington, on the right, 
we catch a glimpse of Sunnyside, where Washington Irving lived. 
On the west bank, a few miles above, is Tappan^ where Andre was 
executed. On the east bank is Lyndekurst^ the summer home of Jay 
Gould ; and Tarrytown^ where Major Andre was captured. A mile 
above Tarrytown is the Old Dutch Church, where Washington Irving 
is buried. At Sing Sitigy on the east bank, thirty-two miles from 
New York, the State Prison is located. Soon the river broadens into 
a bay five miles wide, at the northern end of which, on the west bank, 
is Stony Pointy sometimes known as " Mad Anthony's Charge." Hce 
Gen. Anthony Wayne, in the dead of night, with a handful of men, 
surprised and recaptured the British fort on Stony Point. Readers 
of Thackeray's " Virginians " will remember his thrilling account of 
this battle. The river here is only half a mile wide. On the east 
bank is Verplanck'' s Pointy the site of Fort Lafayette, where Baron 
Steuben drilled soldiers for the Revolutionary army. At this point 
the river appears to end. On the west bank rises the Dunderberg 
mountain, made famous by Irving ; and on the east Anthoftfs Nose^ 
over 1,200 feet high; and between the two, and apparently completely 
shutting in the river, lies lona Island^ a popular excursion resort. 
Rounding this island, we come into full view of the historic Highlands 
of the Hudson. On the west bank lies West Point, where visitors may 
land, and visit the Military Academy, fort, and historic spots. Three 
delightful hours may be spent here, when the down-boat from Albany 
may be taken, reaching New York at 6 p.m. If visitors prefer, they 
may keep on up the river, passing on the east bank Garrison^s and 
Storm King, the highest peak of the Highlands, to Newburg, where 
they may visit Washington's headquarters, and stand upon the spot 
where he read his farewell address to the American army. One hour 
and a half may be spent here, before the arrival of the down-boat. 



How to Know New York. 115 

There are excellent restaurants on the steamers, on the European 
plan. Strangers visiting New York should not miss this trip, which 
is a most beautiful and interesting one. 

Coney Island, five miles in length, is about ten miles from the New 
York City Hall, and is bounded on the south by the Atlantic Ocean. 
It is divided into four parts, known as Norton's Point (which is little 
frequented), West Brig/iton, Brighton, and Manhattan Beach. There 
are various rail and steamboat routes to the island (see daily papers) ; 
but perhaps the pleasantest way of getting there, is to take one of the 
Iron Steamboat Company's vessels from the foot of West 23d Street, 
or Pier i, North River. They leave hourly during the season, and land 
at the Iron Pier, West Brighton. Excursion tickets, 50 cents. An- 
other good route is to take steamer from foot of Whitehall Street 
(South-ferry Station, Third-avenue line) to Bay Ridge, and, from there, 
train to West Brighton or Manhattan Beach. Excursion tickets 50 
cents. 

Norton's Pointy or West End, is the secluded portion of Coney Island, 
and a visit is not recommended. 

West Brighton is the democratic part of the island. It is made up 
of a motley collection of hotels, large and small, concert stands, beer- 
gardens, variety-shows, skating-rinks, wooden toboggan-slides, shooting- 
galleries, bathing-houses, merry-go-rounds, inclined-railways, museums, 
aquariums, brass-bands, pop-corn and hot sausage venders ; in fact, it 
is like a great country-fair in full blast, crowded with every-day peo- 
ple, out for a good time. Here is an iron observatory 300 feet high, 
with elevators running to the top ; a camera-obscura; two iron piers 
upwards of a thousand feet long, with bathing-houses beneath ; and a 
building in the shape of a colossal elephant, with restaurants, dancing 
rooms, and various exhibitions inside, and an observatory on top. 
The pell-mell excitement of the place is kept up all day and until 
almost midnight throughout the week, with no cessation on Sunday. 
Half a mile east along the beach is Brighton. Stages run this dis- 
tance (fare 5 cents), and there is also an elevated road. 

Brighton Beach. — Here there is an enormous hotel, capable of din- 
ing 20,000 people in a day. The grounds are handsomely laid out and 



ii6 How to Know New York. 

ornamented with flowers, and the bathing facilities are excellent. In 
a pavilion a large orchestra gives concerts afternoon and evening. 
East of Brighton Beach, for 2^ miles, extend the grounds of 

Manhattan Beach. — (Reached by a small railway, fare 5 cents.) 
This is the best part of the island, and is patronized by the better 
classes. The hotel is nearly 700 feet long, and is one of the largest 
structures of its kind in the world. 4,000 people can dine at a time, 
and 30,000 during the day. The grounds are beautifully laid out, and 
there are concerts afternoon and evening in a pavilion in front of the 
hotel. There are 2,700 rooms in the bathing establishment, and an 
amphitheatre for spectators to watch the bathers, in which a band 
plays afternoon and evening. Bathing is perfectly safe. 

East of the Manhattan Hotel comes the Oriental Hotel, a large 
and costly house for permanent guests. Manhattan Beach can be 
reached by rail direct from Long-Island City (East 34th-street Ferry), 
or by boat, from South Ferry to Bay Ridge, and thence by train. 
Several times a week, during the summer, wonderful displays of fire- 
works take place at the Brighton and Manhattan hotels, those of the 
latter place being unequalled elsewhere in the country. The Coney- 
Island Jockey-Club has a club-house at Manhattan Beach, and a fine 
race-track at Sheepshead Bay (just back of the beach), where race- 
meetings are held in June and September. 

Rockaway Beach, on the Long-Island shore, is twenty miles from 
New York. It may be reached by rail (ferry from foot East 34th 
Street to Southern Railroad, Long Island) ; but the better way is to 
go by one of the immense excursion steamers, which run every few 
hours during the season. For time and place of sailing, see daily 
papers. This trip is strongly recommended. The sail is a fine one, 
affording splendid views of the harbor, shipping, and fortifications, 
and a sail on the Atlantic. The beach has most of the characteris- 
tics of Coney Island, but the surf is finer. The principal hotel has 
a frontage on the ocean of nearly a quarter of a mile, and contains 
1,200 rooms. The large dining-room will seat 6,000 persons at once. 
The sail occupies an hour and a half each way. Excursion tickets, 
50 cents. On Sunday the boats are often uncomfortably crowded. 



How to Know New York. 117 

Long Branch is on the New- Jersey coast, about thirty miles from 
New York. It is so well known that no description is necessary here. 
Steamers run, during the season, from Pier 8, North River, to Sandy 
Hook, and thence by rail to the Branch. This is the best route. It 
is also reached by the New-Jersey Southern and Pennsylvania Rail- 
roads. During the season, there are excursion steamers, which go all 
the way by water, landing passengers at the Long-Branch Iron Pier. 
(See daily papers.) The latter route is not recommended, as rough 
weather often prevents a landing. 

Long Beach is on the Long-Island coast, east of Rockaway. There 
is but one hotel there, — an immense one, — and a number of cottages. 
The bathing facilities are perfect, and the surf usually runs high. A 
fine orchestra plays in front of the hotel morning and evening. A visit 
is strongly recommended to those who desire to spend a quiet and 
restful day by the sea, away from the *' madding crowd." It is reached 
via Long-Island Railroad, ferry foot East 34th Street. Excursion 
tickets, 50 cents. 

Glen Island, in Long-Island Sound, near New Rochelle, is a beauti- 
ful and picturesque summer resort for excursionists, with facilities for 
boating, bathing, sailing, fish-dinners, etc. The sail up the East River, 
past the various public institutions, and the Navy Yard, through Hell 
Gate, and out into the Sound, is an interesting one. Boats leave 
several times a day. See daily papers. Excursion tickets, 40 cents. 

Stafen /stand, thirteen miles long, is in New-York Harbor. Boats 
run from South Ferry every half-hour. It is a hilly and picturesque 
island, dotted with fine houses and villas. On the eastern shore is Fort 
Wadsworth and Battery Hudson. On the north shore is the Sailors' 
Snug Harbor, an asylum for aged and infirm sailors, capable of ac-j 
commodating over 1,000 persons. Of late the island has become a 
great centre for the amusement-loving public. A company has been 
organized, which, during the warm season, gives open-air entertain- 
ments on a colossal scale, which are attended daily and nightly by 
thousands. The fare is ten cents. 



PARRon Varnish Co. 



BRIDGEPORT, CONN 



(I 



ESTABLISHED 




1846 



MANUFACTURERS OF FINE 



Carriage^ Wagon^ and Railway 

VARNISHES. 



INDEX. 



Academy of Music, 81. 

Africa, 11. 

Albany, 22. 

AUlrich Court, 96. 

Allibone, S. A., 69. 

All Souls' Church. 78. 

Am. Artists' .Society, 45. 

Am. Chemical Society, 80. 

Am. Ethnological Soc, 8>J. 

Am. Exchange, 59. 

Am. Geographical Soc, 91. 

Am. Institute, 67. 

Am. Jockey Club, 88. 

Am. Metrolopical Soc, 91. 

Am. Museum Is'atural His- 
tory, 69. 

Am. Numismatical Soc. 91. 

Am. Pnilological Soc, 91. 

Am. Safe-Deposit Co.. 107. 

Am. Yacht-Club, 89, 108. 

Anchor Line, 17, 18. 

Anthon Memorial Church, 
76. 

Anthony's Nose, 114. 

Apartment-Housks, 92. 

Apprentices' Library, 67. 

Abmokies, 48. 

Arsenal, 31, 33. 

Artillery, 31. 

Art-Galleries, 44. 

Art, Museum of, 35, 43. 

Art-Schools, 48. 

Art-Stores, 47. 

Asbury Church, 77. 

Assay Offlee, 27. 

Ascension Church, 104. 

Assembly, 12. 

Astor Frmily, 67, 74, 91, 
106. 

Astor Li )rary, 67. 

Athletic ;, 86, 87. 

Atlas Li le, 19. 

Authors Club, 87. 

r.all-Gn unds. 33. 86. 
Baptist Ilhiirches, 77. 
Bar Ass jciation, 69. 
IJarge-Cmce, 36,51. 
Barrios. Mrs. de. 111. 
Barthn) li Statue, 61,87 
Base-Ball, 86. 
Battery, The, 36 
Bedloe's Island. 51, 93. 
Beethoven Statue, 52. 
Belden. William, HI. 
Belmont, August, 105. 
Belvedere, 35. 



Bcllevue Hospital College, 
63. 

Belt Line, 24. 

Bergh, Henry, 107. 

Bermuda Line. 19. 

Bethesda Fountain, 35. 

Bicycle Clubs, 89. 

Bijou Opera-House, 81. 

Blackwell's Island, 94. 

Blind-Asylum, 97. 

Bloomingdale Asylum, 97. 

Boards of Trade, .56. 

Bolivar Statue, 52. 

Books, Old, 67. 

Boulevard Line, 54. 

Boreel Building, 96. 

Bowling Green, 37, 56. 

Brazil Line, 19. 

Brewers' Exchange. 59. 

Brick Church, 76, 106. 

Bridge, Brooklyn. 29. 

Bridgeport Line, 22. 

Brighton Beach, 115. 

British Prison, 31. 

Broadway Line, 23. 

Brooklyn Bridt,'e,29. 

Bruce Libniry, 67 

Bryant Park ,"41, 107. 

Buckingham Hotel, 108. 

Building Exchange, 57. 

Building- Material Ex- 
change, 59. 

Buildings, 12. 

Burns Statue, 52. 

Butterfield, Gen. Daniel, 
106. 

Cabs, 24. 

Caledonian Club. 86, 88. 
Calumet Club, 88. 
Calvary Cli urc 11,75,77. 
Canadian Club, 83. 
Cancer Hospital. 99. 
Carnegie, Andrew, 108. 
Carriages, 24. 
Carrousel. .33. 
Casino, 81. 
Castle Clinton. 27. 
Castle Garden, 27, 36. 
Castle William. 94. 
Catherine Market, 60. 
Catholic Apostolic Church, 

79. 
Central Market, 60. 
Central-Park, 33, 111. 
Central - Park Apartment 

Houses, 92. 



Central Railroad of New 

Jersey, 13. 
Centre Market, 60. 
Century Association, 88. 

104. 
Charleston Line, 20. 
Chatham Square, 39. 
ChickeringHall,85, 105. 
China, 10. 

Choate, Joseph II., 108. 
Christ Church, 106. 
Christian Brothers, 64. 
Christian Israelites, 76. 
Churches, 71. 

Citizens' Bicycle Club, 89. 
City Hall. 29. 
City-HallPark,40. 
City Library, 69. 
City of Rome, 17. 
City Ordinance, 2.5. 
Clinton Market, 60. 
Cubs, Societies, etc., 87. 
Coaches, 24. 

Coal and Iron Exchange, 57. 
Coffee Exchange, 57. 
Collect, 32. 
College of City of N.Y., 

62. 
Colleges and Schools, 

61. 
Collegiate Church, 78, 108. 
Collyer. Robert, 78. 
Columbia College, 61. 
Columl)us, 52. 
(/ommerco, 52. 
Commercial Buildings, 

95. 
Concert-Saloons, 86. 
Coney Island, 115. 
Coney-Island Jockey Club, 

83, 116. 
Congregational Churches, 

78. 
Congressional Districts, 12. 
Conkling. Koscoe. 106. 
Conner, W. E.. 108. 
Consolidated I'etroleum 

Exchange, 57. 
Cooper, Peter, 66. 
Cooper Union. 65. 
Corbin, Austin, 107. 
Cotton Exchange, 39, 57. 
County Court House, 29. 
Court House, 29. 
Covenant, Church of, 77 
Cromwell Line, 20. 
Cross-town Lines, 24 

1 19 



I20 



Index. 



Crystal Palace, 107. 
Cuba Line, 19. 
CuUom, G. W..10r). 
Cunard Line, 17, 18. 
Custom House, 29. 
Cutting, R. F., 109. 

Dairv, 33. 
Diikota Flats, 92. 
Daly's Theatre, 8L 
David's Island, 93. 
Dead-Uabbit War, 49. 
Deaf and Dumb Asylum, 97. 
Decorative-Art Society, 45. 
DeKay, Charles. 104. 
Delaware «fc Lackawanna 

Railroad, 13. 
Delmonico'a, 105. 
Depots, 13. 

Depew, Chauncy M., 108. 
Dispensaries, 97. 
Distances, 12. 
Distillers' Exchange, 59. 
Distributing Reservoir, 107. 
Districts, 12. 
Divine Paternity Church, 

78, 108. 
Dockstader's Theatre, 82. 
Dodge, William E., 52. 
Down-Town Club, 88. 
Drayton, Mrs. J. C., 106. 
Drexel Building, 96. 
Duncan, W. B., 104. 
Dunderberg, 114. 

East-River Bridge, 29. 

Eckert, T. T.. 103. 

Eden Mus6e, 85. 

Eighth Rest. Armory, 48. 

Electric Manufacturing Ex- 
change, 59. 

Elevated Railroad, 23. 

Eleventh Regt. Armory, 49. 

Ellis Island, 93. 

Emanu-El Temple, 79, 107. 

Emmett Monument, 65. 

Epiphany Church, 74. 

Episcopal Churches, 70. 

Equitable Building, 95. 

Erie Railroad, 13. 

Essex Market, 60. 

Evacuation Day, 36. 

Exchanges and Boards 
OF Tbade, 56. 

Fall-River Line, 22. 
Fares, Carriage, 25. 
Fares, Railroad, 23, 24. 
Farragut Statue, 52. 
Federal Hall. 31. 
Fencing-Club, 82. 
Feuardent, G. L., 104. 
Fifth Avenue, 103. 
Fifth-Avenue Church, 77. 



Fifth-Avenue Hotel, 105. 
Fifth-Avenue Stages, 24. 
Fifth-.\ venue Theatre, 82. 
Fire-Department, 12. 
First Baptist Church, 77. 
First Presbyterian Church, 

73, 104. 
Fish-Market, 60. 
Five Points, 10. 
Flats 92. 

Flagler, H.M., 109. 
Florence, W. J., 105. 
Florida »Line, 20. 
Flower, R. P., 108. 
Foreign Element, 12. 
Fort Columbu."*, 94. 
Fort Gibson, 93. 
Fort Lee, 113. 
Fort Wadsworth, 117. 
Fort Washington, 113. 
Fort Wool, 93. 
Fourteenth-St. Theatre, 82. 
Franklin Square, 40. 
Franklin Statue, 53. 
Free Library, 65. 
French Line, 18. 
Friends, 76. 
Friends' Seminary, 64. 
Fruit Exchange, 59. 
Fulton Market, 60. 
Fulton Monument, 55. 
Furniture Exchange, 59. 

Gallatin Monument, 55. 

Galveston Line, 20. 

Genealogical Society, 85. 

General Theological Sem- 
inary, 62. 

German Regiment, 49. 

Germany, 10. 

Gilsey House, 106. 

Glen Island, 117. 

Goelet Estate, 108. 

Gould, Jay, 108, 114. 

Governor's Island, 94. 

Gramercy Park,41. 

Grand Central Depot, 10, 
15, 22, 23. 

Grand Opcra-House. 82. 

Grand Union Hotel, 8, 10, 
22, 23, 107, 1 13. 

Grant, Gen. U. S., 111. 

Grant'sTomb, 24, 36. 

Greystone, 114. 

Grocers' Excliange, 57. 

Grolier Club, 87. 

Guion Lme, 18. 

Hall, Dr. John, 77, 109. 
llalleck, Fitz-Greene, 53. 
Halls, 85 

Hamburg Line, 18. 
Hamilton, Alexander, 53, 
65, 113. 



Hanover Square, 39, 57. 

Hansoms, 24. 

Hardware Board of Trade, 

59. 
Hiirlem Meer, 35. 
Harlem Railroad, 13. 
Harraonie Club, 88. 
Harper, J. W., 108. 
Harrigan's Theatre, 82. 
Harry Miner's Theatre, 82. 
Hart's Island, 93. 
Havana Line, 19. 
Heavenly Rest Church, 73, 

108. 
Hebrews, 11, 79. 
Hell Gate, 93. 
Hepworth, Rev. G. H., 107. 
High Bridge, 30. 
lliU's, Harry, 86. 
Historical Society, 45, 69. 
Hoboken, 13, 18. 
Hoffman House, 47. 105. 
Holy Spirit Church, V.. 
Holv Trinity Church, 73. 
Homes, 101. 
Horse-Cars, 23. 
Horse Exchange, 57. 
Horticultural Society, 85. 
Hospitals, 97. 
Hotel Clerk, 7. 
Hudson River, 22, 113. 
Hudson-River Railroad, 13. 
Humboldt Statue, 53. 

Immigrants, 9, 27. 
Indian Hunter, 53. 
Ingersoll, Robert G., 104. 
Inman Line, 18. 
Insane-Asylum, 97. 
lona Island, 114. 
Irish Regiment, 49. 
Irving, Washington, 114. 
Islands, 93. 
Italy, 10. 

Jaffray, E, S., 108. 
Jamaica Line, 19. 
Jeannette Park, 39. 
Jefferson Market, 60. 
Jefferson-Market Court, 30. 
Jersey City, 13, 15. 
John, 11. 

Johnston, J. T., 104. 
John-Street Church, 77- 
Judsea, 11. 

Kalk Hook, 32. 
Key West Line, 20. 
Kiralfy, 104. 
Kit-Kat Club, 88. 
Knickerbocker Club, 88, 

106. 
Knox, Col. T.W., 105. 



Index. 



121 



Lafayette Statue, 53. 
Lake, 35. 
Lambs, 88. 
Law, GeorRC, 105. 
Law-Institute Library, 69. 
, Lenox, James, 66, 99. 
Lenox Library, 44, 66, 111. 
Lexington-Avenue Church, 

77. 
Liberty Statue, 51. 
Libraries, 67. 
Lincohi Statue, 53. 
Little Church, 106. 
London Street, 85. 
London Theatre, 82. 
Long Beach, 117. 
Long Branch, 117. 
Long-Island Railroad, 13. 
Lorillard, Pierre, 106. 
Lotos Club, 88, 105. 
L Roads. 23. 
Ludlow Street, 30. 
Lutherans, 79. 
Lyceum Theatre, 82. 
Lyndehurst, 114. 

Madison- Avenue Church, 
77. 

Madison-Avenue Line, 23. 

Madison Square, 40, 105. 

Madison-Square Church,76. 

Madison-Square Garden, 82. 

Madison -Square Theatre, 
82. 

Mall, 35. 

Mallorv Line, 20. 

Manhattan Athletic Club, 
86, 87, 107. 

Manhattan Bank, 96. 

Manhattan Beach, 116. 

Manhattan Club, 89, 104. 

Manhattan College. 64. 

Manhattan Stock Ex- 
change, 59. 

Manufacturing, 9. 

Marble, Manton, 108. 

Marine Barracks, 31. 

Maritime Exchange, .57. 

Markets, 60. 

Market-Wagon Stand, 60. 

Martyrs' Memorial, 55. 

Masonic Library, 69. 

Masonic Temple, 91. 

Mazzini Statue, 53. 

Mechanics' Exchange, 59. 

Menagerie, 33. 

Mercantile Exchange, 57. 

Mercantile Library, 68. 

Merchants' Club, 88. 

Messiah Church, 78. 

Metal Exchange, 59. 

Methodist Churches, 77. 

Mctnip.ditan Museum of 
Art, 3.3, 43. 



Metro jiolitan Opera-IIouse, 
83. 

Metropolitan Tark, 86. 

M'Oowan's Pass, 3.5. 

Microscopical Society, 91. 

Military Museum, 94. 

Militia, 48. 

Milk Exchange, 59. 

Mills Building. 96. 

Mills, D.O., 108. 

Montgomerj', 56, 74. 

Moravians, 79. 

Moreau, Gen., 39. 

.Morg&n, E. !>., 107. 

Morningside Park, 41. 

Morris <fc Essex Railroad, 
13. 

Morse Monument, 53. 

Morse Building, 96. 

Most Holy Redeemer 
Church, 73. 

Mott Memorial Library, 66. 

Mott Street, 10. 

Mount-Morris Square, 41. 

Mount-JNIorris Theatre, 83. 

Mount-Sinai Hospital, 99. 

Murray 11111,107. 

Murra\ -Hill Church, 77. 

Museum of Natural His- 
tory, 35, 67. 

Nassau Line, 19. 

National Line, 18. 

National Academy of De- 
sign, 45. 

Natural History Museum, 
69. 

Naval-Store Exchange, 59. 

Navarro Flats, 92. 

Xavy Yard, 30. 

Newburg, 114. 

New-Jerse3' Central Rail- 
rond, 13. 

New-Jersey Southern Rail 
road, 13. 

New-Jersey <fc New-York 
Railroad, 13. 

New-Jerusalem Church, 79. 

New-Orleans Line, 20. 

New York, 9. 

N.Y. Athletic Club, 81, 82. 

N.Y. <fc New England Kail- 
road, 15. 

N.Y. A; Northern R.R., 15. 

N.Y. Club, 105, 106. 

N.Y. Central <fc Hudson- 
River R.R., 15. 

N.Y. Historical Society, 45. 

N.Y. Hospital. 99, 104. 

N.Y. in Summer, 113. 

N.Y.,N.II..&H. R.R.,15. 

N.Y., Ontario, <fc Western 
Railroad. 15. 

Niblo's Garden, 8:3. 



Ninth-Regiment Armory, 

48. 
Norfolk Line, 20. 
Normal College, 63. 
North-German Lloyd, 13. 
North Park, 35. 

Obelisk, 52. 
Ocean Steamships, 17. 
Odd-Fellows' Hall, 91. 
Old Dominion Line, 20. 
Old Ladies' Home, 99. 
Old London Street, 85. 
Omnibuses, 103. 
Opera-House. 79. 
Oriental Theatre, 83. 
Orphan Asylum, 99, 109. 
Osborno, The. 92. 
Ottendorfer Library, 6.5. 

Pali.sades, 114. 
Parks and Squabks, .33. 
Park-Carriages, 33, 36. 
Park Row, 40. 
Paulists, 73. 
Pennsylvania R.R.. 1.5. 
People's Theatre, 83. 
Petroleum Exchange, 59. 
Pharmacy, College of, 63. 
Phila. & Reading R.R., 15. 
Physicians <k Surgeons' 

College. 61. 
Pierrepont, E.. 104. 
Pilgrim, Steamer, 22. 
Pilgrim Statue. 53. 
Poe Memorial, 43. 
Police, 12. 
Polo-Grounds, 86. 
Population, 12. 
Post-Office, 31. 
Potter Building, 96. 
Potter's Field, 93, 103. 
Presbyterian Churches, 76. 
Presbyterian Ho;;pital, 99, 
Press Club, 88. 
Printing-House Square. 40. 
Private Galleries, 47 
Produce Exchange, 56. 57 
Provost's, 47. 
Public Buildings, 27. 
Public Halls. 85. 
Public Schools. 6L 

Quebec Steamship Co., 19. 

Racquet Club. 88. 
Railroad Depots, 13. 
Ramble, 35. 
Randall's Island. 94. 
Real-Estate Exchange, 59. 
Red-Star Line. 18. 
Reformed Catholics, 79. 
Reformed Dutch Church, 



122 



Index, 



Reformed Episcopal 

Church, 79. 
Register's Office, 31. 
Reid. Whitelaw, lOf). 
Rembrandt, The, 47. 
Reservoir, 107. 
Rialto, 81. 

Richmond Steamers, 20. 
Riding Academies, 65. 
Riverside Park, 3G, 55. 
Roach, John, 103. 
Roberts, Mrs. M. O., 105. 
Rockaway Beach, IIG. 
Rockafcller, William, 109. 
Rogues' Uallery, 12. 
Roman-Catholic Churches, 

71. 
Roosevelt Hospital, 99. 
Rowing-Clubs, 89. 
Rutgers College, 05, 107. 

Sacred-Heart Academy', 64. 

Sage, Russell, 107. 

Sailors' Snug Harbor, 1)3, 
117. 

St. Ann's, 73. 

St. Augustine's, 75. 

St. Bartholomew's, 75. 

St. Francis Xavier, 73. 

St. Francis Xavier Col- 
lege, 64, 104. 

St. George, 93. 

St. George's Church, 75. 

St. Ignatius, 76. 

St. John's, 75. 

St. John's College, 64. 

St. Luke's, 77. 

St. Luke's Hospital, 99, 109. 

St. Mark's, 55, 75. 

St. Mary's, 73. 

St. Mary the Virgin, 76. 

St. Nicholas Club, 89, 107. 

St. Patrick's, 69, 73. 

St. Paul's, 74. 

St. Paul the Apostle, 73, 77. 

St. Stephen's, 73. 

St. Thomas, 76, 109. 

St. Vincent de Paul's, 73. 

Sarony's, 47. 

Savannah Line, 20. 

Schiller Statue, 63. 

Schools, 61. 

Scott Monument, 53. 

Seligman, 107, 108. 

Seventh-Regiment Armory, 
48. 

Seventh -Regiment Monu- 
ment, 55. 

Seventy-first Regiment Ar- 
mory, 49. 

Seward, Clarence A., 105. 

Seward Statue, 55. 

Shakspeare Statue, 55. 

Sherman, Gen. W. T., 105. 



Sherwood, The, 47. 

Shipping, 9. 

Sickles, Gen., 104. 

Sixth-Avenue Line, 23. 

Sixty-ninth Regiment Ar- 
mory, 49. 

Sorosis,89. 

Sound Lines, 22. 

Southern Society, 88. 

Stages, 24, 103. 

Standard Oil Co., 96. 

Standard Theatre, 83. 

Star Theatre, 83. 

State Arsenal, 31. 

State Line, 19. 

Statenlsland, 93, 117. 

Stationers' Exchange, 59. 

Stations, 13, 35. 

Statues, 51. 

.Steamboats And Steam- 
ships, 17. 

Steinway Hall, 85. 

Stevens, Mrs. F. W., 111. 

Stevens, Mrs. Paran, 105. 

Stewart Building, 96. 

Stewart Mansion, 106. 

Still Hunt, 55. 

Stock Exchange, 56. 

Stonington Line, 22. 

Stony Point, 114. 

Stroll up Fifth Avenue, 103. 

Stuart, R. L., 111. 

Studios, 47. 

Stuyvesant Monument, 55. 

Stuy vesant Square, 41. 

Sub-Treasury, 31. 

Sugar Exchange, 59. 

Summer in N. Y., 113. 

Tabernacle. 78. 
Tammany Society, 89. 
Tarrytown, 114. 
Taylor, W M., 78. 
Temple Court, 96. 
Temple Emanu-El, 79, 107. 
Terrace, 35. 
Thalia Theatre, 83. 
Theatre Comique, 83. 
Theatkes 81. 
Theological Seminaries, 62. 
Tlilrd-A venue Line, 23. 
Tiiird-A venue Theatre, 83. 
Thomas, Theodore, 104. 
Thorn p.son Street, 11. 
Tiffany Mansion, 111. 
Tilaen, Samuel J., 114. 
Tobacco Exchange, 59. 
Tombs, 32. 

Tompkins Market, 49, 60. 
Tompkins Square, 41. 
Tony Pastor's Theatre, 85. 
Transfiguration Church, 

106. 
Travellers' Bureau, 59. 



Trinity Building, SA 
Trinity Chapel, 75. 
Trinity Church, 73. 
Tweed, William M., 29. 
Twelfth Regt. Armory, «». 
Twenty-second Regimevt 

Armory, 49. 
Twombly, H.McK., 109. 
Tyng, Stephen H., 75, 78. 

Union Club, 87, 105. 
Union League, 87, 107. 
Union Market, 60. 
Union Square, 40, 77, 104. 
Union-Square Theatre, 8S.. 
Union Theological SemV 

nary, 64. 
Unitarian Churches, 78. 
United Bank Building, 96L 
U.S. Medical College, 64. 
Universalists, 78. 
University, 63, 104. 
University Club, 89, 
University-Place Church 

76. 



Vanderbilt Family, 52, t 

86, 107, 109, 111. 
Verplanck's Point, 114. 
Victoria Hotel, 105. 
Villard, Henry, 109, 111. 

Wallack's Theatre, 85. 
Wall Street, 27. 
Ward's Island, 93. 
Washington Building, Ti, 

95. 
Washington Heights, 97. 
Washington Market, 60. 
Washington Square, 40, 09. 

103. 
Wasliington Statue, 31, 5*. 
Webb, Dr. W, S., 109. 
Webster Statue, 65. 
Weehawken, 113. 
West Brighton, 115. 
West End, 115. 
Western Union Building, 

96. 
West-India Lines, 19. 
West Point, 114. 
West-Shore Railroad, 15. 
White-Star Line, 19. 
Whitney, Secretary, HI. 
Windsor Hotel, 108. 
Worth Monument, 55, 105. 

Yachting-Clubs, 89. 

Youmans, Prof. E. L., lOi. 

Young Men's Christiazi As- 
sociation, 91. 

Young Women's Christifn 
Association, 91. 



Park & Tilford, 

Importers, Jobbers, and Retailers 

pinest Qroceries, 

Delicacies for the Table, 

Choice Wines, Liqueurs, etc. 

Weekly importations of the best brands of 

HAVANA CIGARS. 



Perfumeries and Toilet Sundries 

from the leading European manufacturers in 
extensive variety. 



Catalopes aod Oootations will be furnislied on application. 

917 and 919 Broadway, cor. 2ist Street, 

789 and 791 Fifth Avenue, 5 and 7 E. 59th Street, 
656, 658, and 660 Sixth Avenue, cor. 38th Street, 

118, 120, and 122 Sixth Avenue, near 9th Street. 

Wholesale Druggists' Sundries Department, Fifth Avenue 
and 2ist Street, 

NEW YORK. 
36 Avenue de rOp6ra, - - PARIS. 



ALEX. B. POWELL. ANSEL K. POWELL. 

POWELL BROTHERS 

DEALERS IN 

FOOD SPECIALTIES, 

Poultry, Game, Meats, 

ETC., 

FOR HOTELS, STEAMSHIPS, 

AND RESTAURANTS, « 

99 BARCLAY ST., 
NEW^ YORK. 



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NEW YORK 

Are always on sale at the Segar 
Stands of the 



SEGARS 



GRAND UNION HOTEL, 

AND 

IF YOU WANT GOOD VALUE FOR YOUR MONEY, 

TRY THE 



BRANDS 



DIGNITY, VIVA, 

ROBERT BURNS, 

EL REY CUBANAS, 

LA SOLAZ. 



DEALERS ONLY 

SUPPLIED AT 

21 Murray Street, 

NEW YORK. 



SOL SAYLES, 

BUTCHER s PACKER 



Hotel and Steamship Supplies. 



ESTABLISHED 1S60. 



OFFICE. 126 X 125 SIXTH AVENUE, 
NEW YORK. 

TELEPHONE CALL. 21ST STREET. 139. 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




014 221 680 2 



IV 



BEN YOU VISIT NEW YORK CITY, 
STOP AT THE GRAND UNION 



HOTEL , FOURTH AVENUE AND FORTY- 
SECOND ST. {OPPOSITE GRAND CEN- 
TRAL DEPOT). 

YOU WILL FIND IT CONVENIENT, 
COMFORTABLE, AND MODERATE IN 

PRICE. 

EUROPEAN PLAN 



